中华人民共和国立法法

The Legislation Law of the People's Republic of China

第一章 总则

Chapter One: General Provisions

第一条为了规范立法活动，健全国家立法制度，建立和完善有中国特色社会主义法律体系，保障和发展社会主义民主，推进依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家，根据宪法，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution in order to standardize lawmaking activities, to perfect state legislative institution, to establish and perfect our socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, to safeguard and develop socialist democracy, to promote the governance of the country through legal mechanism, and to build a socialist country under the rule of law.

第二条法律、行政法规、地方性法规、自治条例和单行条例的制定、修改和废止，适用本法。

Article 2 The enactment, amendment and repeal of any national law, administrative regulation, local decree, autonomous decree and special decree shall be governed by this Law.

国务院部门规章和地方政府规章的制定、修改和废止，依照本法的有关规定执行。

The enactment, amendment and repeal of administrative rules promulgated by agencies under the State Council and local rules promulgated by local governments shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law.

第三条立法应当遵循宪法的基本原则，以经济建设为中心，坚持社会主义道路、坚持人民民主专政、坚持中国*的领导、坚持马克思列宁主义毛泽东思想邓小平理论，坚持改革开放。

Article 3 Lawmaking shall adhere to the basic principles of the Constitution, and shall be centered around economic development, and shall adhere to the socialist road, adhere to the democratic dictatorship by the people, adhere to the leadership by the Chinese Communist Party, and adhere to the theory of Marxism, Leninism and Mao Zedong thoughts and Dengxiaoping theory, and adhere to the reform and opening to the outside world.

第四条立法应当依照法定的权限和程序，从国家整体利益出发，维护社会主义法制的统一和尊严。

Article 4 Lawmaking shall comply with legally prescribed scope of authority and procedure, and shall serve the national interests and safeguard the uniformity and dignity of our socialist legal system.

第五条立法应当体现人民的意志，发扬社会主义民主，保障人民通过多种途径参与立法活动。

Article 5 Lawmaking shall reflect the will of the people, promote socialist democracy, and ensure that people are able to participate in the lawmaking process through various channels.

第六条立法应当从实际出发，科学合理地规定公民、法人和其他组织的权利与义务、国家机关的权力与责任。

Article 6 Lawmaking shall be based on actual circumstances, and shall, in a scientific and reasonable manner, prescribe the rights and obligations of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, and the powers and duties of state organs.

第二章 法律

Chapter Two: National law

第一节 立法权限

Section One Scope of Lawmaking Authority

第七条全国人民代表大会和全国人民代表大会常务委员会行使国家立法权。

Article 7 The National People's Congress and Standing Committee thereof shall exercise state legislative power.

全国人民代表大会制定和修改刑事、民事、国家机构的和其他的基本法律。

The National People's Congress enacts and amends criminal, civil, and state organic laws and other basic laws.

全国人民代表大会常务委员会制定和修改除应当由全国人民代表大会制定的法律以外的其他法律；在全国人民代表大会闭会期间，对全国人民代表大会制定的法律进行部分补充和修改，但是不得同该法律的基本原则相抵触。

The Standing Committee of National People's Congress enacts and amends laws other than those to be enacted by the National People's Congress; while the National People's Congress is not in session, the Standing Committee thereof partially amends and supplements national law enacted by the National People's Congress, provided that any amendment or supplement may not contravene the basic principles of such national law.

第八条 下列事项只能制定法律：

Article 8 Only national law may be enacted in respect of matters relating to:

(一)国家主权的事项；

(i) state sovereignty;

(二)各级人民代表大会、人民政府、人民法院和人民检察院的产生、组织和职权；

(ii) the establishment, organization and authority of various people's congresses, people's governments, people's courts and people's procuratorates;

(三)民族区域自治制度、特别行政区制度、基层群众自治制度；

(iii) autonomy system of ethnic regions, system of special administrative region, and system of autonomy at the grass-root level;

(四)犯罪和刑罚；

(iv) crimes and criminal sanctions;

(五)对公民政治权利的剥夺、限制人身自由的强制措施和处罚；

(v) the deprivation of the political rights of a citizen, or compulsory measures and penalties involving restriction of personal freedom;

(六)对非国有财产的征收；

(vi) expropriation of non-state assets;

(七)民事基本制度；

(vii) fundamental civil institutions;

(八)基本经济制度以及财政、税收、海关、金融和外贸的基本制度；

(viii) fundamental economic system and basic fiscal, tax, customs, financial and foreign trade systems;

(九)诉讼和仲裁制度；

(ix) litigation and arbitration system;

(十)必须由全国人民代表大会及其常务委员会制定法律的其他事项。

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