If they cause heavy losses to State interests or people's lives or property, which is serious enough to constitute a crime, they shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.

第八章　附则

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

第四十一条　本法中下列用语的含义是：

Article 41 For the purpose of this Law, the definitions of the following terms are:

（一）气象设施，是指气象探测设施、气象信息专用传输设施、大型气象专用技术装备等。

(1)Meteorological facilities include meteorological observation instrumentation, transmission devices dedicated to meteorological information and specialized large meteorological equipment.

（二）气象探测，是指利用科技手段对大气和近地层的大气物理过程、现象及其化学性质等进行的系统观察和测量。

(2)Meteorological observation means systematic observation and measurement of the atmospheric physical processes, phenomena and chemical properties in the atmosphere and surface layer by scientific and technological means.

（三）气象探测环境，是指为避开各种干扰保证气象探测设施准确获得气象探测信息所必需的最小距离构成的环境空间。

(3)Environs for meteorological observation mean the minimum surrounding space away from any interference, a space that is essential for ensured acquisition of accurate meteorological observation information by means of observation facilities.

（四）气象灾害，是指台风、暴雨（雪）、寒潮、大风（沙尘暴）、低温、高温、干旱、雷电、冰雹、霜冻和大雾等所造成的灾害。

(4)Meteorological disasters include disasters caused by typhoon, rainstorm (snowstorm), cold wave, strong wind (sandstorm and/or duststorm), low temperature, high temperature, drought, thunderstorm and lightning, hail, frost and fog.

（五）人工影响天气，是指为避免或者减轻气象灾害，合理利用气候资源，在适当条件下通过科技手段对局部大气的物理、化学过程进行人工影响，实现增雨雪、防雹、消雨、消雾、防霜等目的的活动。

(5)Weather modification refers to efforts aimed at rain or snow enhancement, hail suppression, rain suppression, fog dispersal, frost prevention by exerting, under appropriate conditions, artificial influence on local atmospheric physical and chemical processes through scientific and technological means, in order to avert or mitigate meteorological disasters and rationally exploit climatic resources.

第四十二条　气象台站和其他开展气象有偿服务的单位，以从事气象有偿服务的范围、项目、收费等具体管理办法由国务院依据本法规定。

Article 42 Specific administrative measures governing the scope, items and charges for paid meteorological services provided by meteorological offices or stations and other units shall be formulated by the State Council in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

第四十三条　中国人民解放军气象工作的管理办法，由中央军事委员会制定。

Article 43 Administrative measures governing the meteorological work in the Chinese People's Liberation Army shall be formulated by the Central Military Commission.

第四十四条　中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的有关气象活动的国际条约与本法有不同规定的，适用该国际条约的规定；但是，中华人民共和国声明保留的条款除外。

Article 44 Where differences in provisions are found between an international treaty on meteorological activities concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China and this Law, the provisions contained in the international treaty shall prevail, with the exception of the clauses on which the People's Republic of China has expressed reservations.

第四十五条　本法自２０００年１月１日起施行。

Article 45 This Law shall go into effect as of January 1, 2000.

１９９４年８月１８日国务院发布的《中华人民共和国气象条例》同时废止。

The Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Meteorological Services promulgated by the State Council on August 18, 1994 shall be annulled as of the same date.

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