Scientific research, literary and artistic creations and other cultural activities in institutions of higher learning should abide by law.

第十一条  高等学校应当面向社会，依法自主办学，实行民主管理。

Article 11 Institutions of higher learning should be geared to the needs of society, run independently and practice democratic management in accordance with law.

第十二条  国家鼓励高等学校之间、高等学校与科学研究机构以及企业事业组织之间开展协作，实行优势互补，提高教育资源的使用效益。

Article 12 The state encourages cooperation among institutions of higher learning, between institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes as well as enterprises and institutions to be mutually supplementary with reach's own advantages and improve the performance in the employment of educational resources.

国家鼓励和支持高等教育事业的国际交流与合作。

The state encourages and supports international exchanges and cooperation for the cause of higher education.

第十三条  国务院统一领导和管理全国高等教育事业。

Article 13 The State Council uniformly leads and administers the cause of higher education nationwide.

省、自治区、直辖市人民政府统筹协调本行政区域内的高等教育事业，管理主要为地方培养人才和国务院授权管理的高等学校。

People's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government coordinate with unified planning the cause of higher education within their respective administrative areas, administer the training of talents mainly for the localities and institutions of higher learning the administration of which have been authorized by the State Council.

第十四条  国务院教育行政部门主管全国高等教育工作，管理由国务院确定的主要为全国培养人才的高等学校。国务院其他有关部门在国务院规定的职责范围内，负责有关的高等教育工作。

Article 14 The department of education administration under the State Council shall take charge of the work of higher education nationwide, administer the institutions of higher learning that mainly train talents for the whole country determined by the State Council. Other departments concerned under the State Council shall be responsible for the related work of higher education within the scope of responsibilities prescribed by the State Council.

第二章  高等教育基本制度

Chapter II Basic System of Higher Education

第十五条  高等教育包括学历教育和非学历教育。

Article 15 Higher education consists of curricula education and non-curricula education.

高等教育采用全日制和非全日制教育形式。

Higher education adopts the educational forms of full-time system and non-full-time system.

国家支持采用广播、电视、函授及其他远程教育方式实施高等教育。

The state supports the adoption of broadcast, television, correspondence and other modes of distance education to impart higher education.

第十六条  高等学历教育分为专科教育、本科教育和研究生教育。

Article 16 Higher curricula education is divided into specialty education, undergraduate education and post graduate education.

高等学历教育应当符合下列学业标准：

Higher curricula education should meet the following standards for school work:

（一）专科教育应当使学生掌握本专业必备的基础理论、专门知识，具有从事本专业实际工作的基本技能和初步能力；

(1)specialty education should enable students to master the basic theory and basic knowledge essential for the respective specialty and acquire the basic skills and initial capability for the practical work of the respective specialty;

（二）本科教育应当使学生比较系统地掌握本学科、专业必需的基础理论、基本知识，掌握本专业必要的基本技能、方法和相关知识，具有从事本专业实际工作和研究工作的初步能力；

(2)undergraduate education should enable students to systematically master the basic theory and basic knowledge necessary for the respective discipline and specialty, master the basic skills, techniques and related know-how necessary for the respective specialty and acquire initial capability for the practical work and research work of the respective specialty; and

（三）硕士研究生教育应当使学生掌握本学科坚实的基础理论、系统的专业知识，掌握相应的技能、方法和相关知识，具有从事本专业实际工作和科学研究工作的能力。博士研究生教育应当使学生掌握本学科坚实宽广的基础理论、系统深入的专业知识、相应的技能和方法，具有独立从事本学科创造性科学研究工作和实际工作的能力。

(3)master's post graduate education should enable students to master firm basic theory of the respective discipline, systematic specialty knowledge, master corresponding skills, techniques and related know-how, and acquire capabilities for the practical work and scientific research work of the respective specialty. Doctoral post graduate education should enable students to master firm and broad basic theory, systematic and in-depth specialty knowledge and corresponding skills and techniques, and acquire capabilities for independent creative scientific research work and practical work of the respective discipline.

第十七条  专科教育的基本修业年限为二至三年，本科教育的基本修业年限为四至五年，硕士研究生教育的基本修业年限为二至三年，博士研究生教育的基本修业年限为三至四年。非全日制高等学历教育的修业年限应当适当延长。高等学校根据实际需要，报主管的教育行政部门批准，可以对本学校的修业年限作出调整。

Article 17 The basic length of schooling for specialty education shall be two to three years, the basic length of schooling for undergraduate education shall be four to five years, the basic length of schooling for master's post graduate education shall be two to three years and the basic length of schooling for doctoral post graduate education shall be three to four years. The length of schooling for non-full-time higher curricula education should be adequately extended. Institutions of higher learning may adjust the length of schooling of the respective schools in the light of actual requirements subject to the approval of the competent department of education administration.

第十八条  高等教育由高等学校和其他高等教育机构实施。

Article 18 Higher education shall be imparted by institutions of higher learning and other institutions of higher education.

大学、独立设置的学院主要实施本科及本科以上教育。高等专科学校实施专科教育。经国务院教育行政部门批准，科学研究机构可以承担研究生教育的任务。

Universities and independently established colleges(schools) mainly impart undergraduate and postgraduate education. Higher specialty institutions impart specialty education. Scientific research institutes may, subject to the approval of the department of education administration under the State Council, undertake the task of postgraduate education.

其他高等教育机构实施非学历高等教育。

Other institutions of higher education impart non-curricula higher education.

第十九条  高级中等教育毕业或者具有同等学力的，经考试合格，由实施相应学历教育的高等学校录取，取得专科生或者本科生入学资格。

Article 19 Graduates of senior secondary school education or those with equivalent educational level shall

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