Article 45 Teachers and other educational workers of institutions of higher learning have the rights prescribed by law, fulfill the obligations prescribed by law and shall be faithful to the educational cause of the people.

第四十六条  高等学校实行教师资格制度。

Article 46 Institutions of higher learning practice the teachers' qualification system.

中国公民凡遵守宪法和法律，热爱教育事业，具有良好的思想品德，具备研究生或者大学本科毕业学历，有相应的教育教学能力，经认定合格，可以取得高等学校教师资格。

Chinese citizens who abide by the Constitution and laws, ardently love the educational cause, have good ideology and moral character, have an educational background of graduation of post graduate course or graduates of regular college course and have corresponding educational and teaching capabilities may, upon confirmation of being qualified, acquire the qualification of teachers of institutions of higher learning.

不具备研究生或者大学本科毕业学历的公民，学有所长，通过国家教师资格考试，经认定合格，也可以取得高等学校教师资格。

 Those citizens without the educational background of graduation of post graduate course or graduates of regular college course who have acquired a specialty from study and passed the state examination for teachers' qualification may also, upon confirmation of being qualified, acquire the qualification of teachers of institutions of higher learning.

第四十七条  高等学校实行教师职务制度。

Article 47 Institutions of higher learning practice the teachers' position system.

高等学校教师职务根据学校所承担的教学、科学研究等任务的需要设置。

Teachers'positions of institutions of higher learning shall be set up in accordance with the requirements of the tasks in teaching, scientific research undertaken by the institutions.

教师职务设助教、讲师、副教授、教授。

Teachers' positions include assistant, lecturer, associate professor and professor.

高等学校的教师取得前款规定的职务应当具备下列基本条件：

Teachers of institutions of higher learning should meet the following basic conditions for acquiring the positions prescribed in the preceding paragraph:

（一）取得高等学校教师资格；

(1)one who has acquired the teacher's qualification for an institution of higher learning;

（二）系统地掌握本学科的基础理论；

(2)one who has a systematic mastery of the basic theory of the respective discipline;

（三）具备相应职务的教育教学能力和科学研究能力；

(3)one who has the educational and teaching capability and scientific research capability of the corresponding position; and

（四）承担相应职务的课程和规定课时的教学任务。

(4)one who undertakes the courses and teaching task of prescribed periods of the corresponding position.

教授、副教授除应当具备以上基本任职条件外，还应当对本学科具有系统而坚实的基础理论和比较丰富的教学、科学研究经验，教学成绩显著，论文或者著作达到较高水平或者有突出的教学、科学研究成果。

Professors and associate professors should, in addition to having the above basic conditions for taking up the position, also have systematic and firm basic theory of the respective discipline and rich experiences in teaching and scientific research, with remarkable achievements in teaching, theses and works reaching high level or has outstanding achievements in teaching and scientific research.

高等学校教师职务的具体任职条件由国务院规定。

Specific conditions for taking up positions for the positions of teachers of institutions of higher learning shall be prescribed by the State Council.

第四十八条  高等学校实行教师聘任制。

Article 48 Institutions of higher learning practice the teachers' employment system.

教师经评定具备任职条件的，由高等学校按照教师职务的职责、条件和任期聘任。

Teachers who have the qualification for taking up the position upon evaluation shall be employed by institutions of higher learning in accordance with the responsibilities, conditions and terms of office of teachers' positions.

高等学校的教师的聘任，应当遵循双方平等自愿的原则，由高等学校校长与受聘教师签订聘任合同。

Employment of teachers of institutions of higher learning should abide by the principle of mutual equality and voluntarism, and an employment contract shall be signed by the president of an institution of higher learning and the teacher who accepts the employment.

第四十九条  高等学校的管理人员，实行教育职员制度。高等学校的教学辅助人员及其他专业技术人员，实行专业技术职务聘任制度。

Article 49 Institutions of higher learning practice the educational staff system for administrators. Institutions of higher learning practice the specialty technical position employment system for auxiliary teaching staff and other specialty technical staff.

第五十条  国家保护高等学校教师及其他教育工作者的合法权益，采取措施改善高等学校教师及其他教育工作者的工作条件和生活条件。

Article 50 The state protects the legitimate rights and interests of teachers and other educational workers of institutions of higher learning, takes measures to improve the working conditions and living conditions of teachers and other educational workers of institutions of higher learning.

第五十一条  高等学校应当为教师参加培训、开展科学研究和进行学术交流提供便利条件。

Article 51 Institutions of higher learning should provide facilities for teachers' participation in training, conducting scientific research and academic exchanges.

高等学校应当对教师、管理人员和教学辅助人员及其他专业技术人员的思想政治表现、职业道德、业务水平和工作实绩进行考核，考核结果作为聘任或者解聘、晋升、奖励或者处分的依据。

Institutions of higher learning should check up the ideological and political performance, professional ethics, professional level and actual achievements in work of teachers, administrators, auxiliary teaching staff and other specialized technical personnel. Results of the check-up shall constitute the basis of employment or dismissal, promotion, rewards or penalties.

第五十二条  高等学校的教师、管理人员和教学辅助人员及其他专业技术人员，应当以教学和培养人才为中心做好本职工作。

Article 52 Teachers, administrators and auxiliary teaching staff as well as other specialized technical personnel of institutions of higher learning should do their respective work well centering around teaching and training of talents.

第六章  高等学校的学生

Chapter VI Students of Institutions of Higher Learning

第五十三条  高等学校的学生应当遵守法律、法规，遵守学生行为规范和学校的各项管理制度，尊敬师长，刻苦学习，增强体质，树立爱国主义、集体主义和社会主义思想，努力学习马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论，具有良好的思想品德，掌握较高的科学文化知识和专业技能。

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