第六章 防止倾倒废弃物对海洋环境的污染损害

CHAPTER VI PREVENTION OF POLLUTION DAMAGE TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT BY DUMPING OF WASTES

　　第三十八条　　任何单位未经国家海洋管理部门批准，不得向中华人民共和国管辖海域倾倒任何废弃物。

Article 38. No unit may dump any kind of waste into the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China without the permission of the state administrative department of marine affairs.

　　需要倾倒废弃物的单位，必须向国家海洋管理部门提出申请，经国家海洋管理部门审批，发给许可证后，方可倾倒。

Units that need to dump wastes must file an application with the state administrative department of marine affairs and the dumping may be carried out only after a permit has been granted by the department.

　　第三十九条　　获准倾倒废弃物的单位，应当按许可证注明的期限及条件，到指定的区域进行倾倒。废弃物装载之后，批准部门应予核实。利用船舶倾倒废弃物的，由驶出港的港务监督核实。

Article 39. Units that have obtained permits for dumping wastes shall dump wastes at the designated place, within the time limit and in accordance with the conditions specified in the permit. Wastes to be dumped shall be verified by the approving department after their loading. Wastes to be dumped by means of vessels shall be supervised and verified by the harbour superintendency administration at the port of departure.

　　第四十条　　获准倾倒废弃物的单位，应当详细记录倾倒的情况，并在倾倒后向批准部门作出书面报告。倾倒废弃物的船舶须向驶出港的港务监督作出书面报告。

Article 40. Units that have obtained permits for dumping wastes shall make a detailed record of such operations and present a written report to the approving department thereafter. Vessels that have finished the said dumping must present a written report to the harbour superintendency administration at the port of departure.

第七章 法律责任

CHAPTER VII LEGAL LIABILITIES

　　第四十一条　　凡违反本法，造成或者可能造成海洋环境污染损害的，本法第五条规定的有关主管部门可以责令限期治理，缴纳排污费，支付消除污染费用，赔偿国家损失；并可以给予警告或者罚款。当事人不服的，可以在收到决定书之日起十五日内，向人民法院起诉；期满不起诉又不履行的，由有关主管部门申请人民法院强制执行。

Article 41. In the case of a violation of this Law that has caused or is likely to cause pollution damage to the marine environment, the competent authorities prescribed in Article 5 of this Law may order the violator to remedy the pollution damage within a definite time, pay a pollutant discharge fee, pay the cost for eliminating the pollution and compensate for the losses sustained by the state; they may also give the violator a warning or impose a fine. An involved party contesting the decision may file a suit in a people's court within 15 days after it has received the written decision. If a suit has not been filed and the decision has not been carried out upon the expiration of that period, the competent authorities shall request the people's court to enforce the decision in accordance with the law.

　　第四十二条　　因海洋环境污染受到损害的单位和个人，有权要求造成污染损害的一方赔偿损失。赔偿责任和赔偿金额纠纷，可以由有关主管部门处理，当事人不服的，依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法（试行）》规定的程序解决；也可以直接向人民法院起诉。

Article 42. Units or individuals who have suffered damage caused by marine environmental pollution shall be entitled to claim compensation from the party which caused the pollution damage. Disputes over the compensation liability and the amount of compensation may be settled by the competent authorities. If a party contests the decision, the matter may be settled either by resorting to the procedures specified in the Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China or by filing a suit directly with the people's court.

　　第四十三条　　完全属于下列情形之一，经过及时采取合理措施仍然不能避免对海洋环境造成污染损害的，免予承担赔偿责任：

Article 43. Compensation liability may be exempted if pollution damage to the marine environment cannot be avoided, despite prompt and reasonable measures taken, when the pollution damage is caused by any of the following circumstances:

　　（１）战争行为；

(1) acts of war;

　　（２）不可抗拒的自然灾害；

(2) irresistible natural calamities; or

　　（３）负责灯塔或者其他助航设备的主管部门在执行职责时的疏忽或者其他过失行为。

(3) negligence or other wrongful acts in the exercise of the functions of departments responsible for the maintenance of beacons or other navigational aids.

　　完全是由于第三者的故意或者过失造成污染损害海洋环境的 ， 由第三者承但赔偿责任。

In the case of pollution damage to the marine environment resulting entirely from the intentional or wrongful act of a third party, that party shall be liable for compensation.

　　第四十四条　　凡违反本法污染损害海洋环境，造成公私财产重大损失或者致人伤亡的，对直接责任人员可以由司法机关依法追究刑事责任。

Article 44. In cases where violations of this Law result in pollution damage to the marine environment and cause heavy losses to public or private property or deaths or injuries to persons, those who are directly responsible may be prosecuted for criminal responsibility by judicial organs in accordance with the law.

　　第四十五条　　本法中下列用语的含义是：

Article 45. For the purpose of this Law, the definitions of the following terms are:

　　（一）“海洋环境污染损害”是指直接或间接地把物质或能量引入海洋环境，产生损害海洋生物资源、危害人体健康、妨碍渔业和海上其他合法活动、损坏海水使用素质和减损环境质量等有害影响。

(1) " Pollution damage to the marine environment " means any direct or indirect introduction of substances or energy into the marine environment which results in deleterious effects such as harm to marine living resources, hazards to human health, hindrance to fishing and other legitimate activities at sea, impairment of the useful quality of sea water and degradation of environmental quality.

　　（二）“渔业水域”是指鱼虾类的产卵场、索饵场、越冬场、回游通道和鱼虾贝藻类的养殖场。

(2) " Fishing areas " means spawning grounds, feeding grounds, wintering grounds and migration channels of fish and shrimp as well as aquacultural grounds of fish, shrimp, shellfish and aquatic plants.

　　（三）“油类”是指任何类型的油及其炼制品。

(3) " Oils " means any kind of oil and its refined products.

　　（四）“油性混合物”是指任何含有油份的混合物。

(4) " Oil mixtures " means any mixtures containing oil.

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