CHAPTER VI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, AND AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION

　　第四十八条 各级人民政府应当逐步增加农业科技经费和农业教育经费，发展农业科技、教育事业。

Article 48 People's governments at various levels shall steadily increase the expenditure on agricultural science and technology and on agricultural education to promote agricultural science and technology as well as agricultural education undertakings.

国家鼓励集体经济组织、国有企业事业单位和其他社会力量举办农业科技、教育事业。

The State shall encourage economic collectives, State-owned enterprises and institutions, and other social forces to engage in agricultural science and technology as well as agricultural education undertakings.

国务院有关部门应当对农业科技基础研究、应用研究和高技术研究统筹规划，组织重大项目的联合攻关，促进国际农业科技合作与交流。

The relevant departments under the State Council shall make overall planning for the basic research, applied research and high technology research of agricultural science and technology, organize joint tackling of major projects, and promote the international co-operation and exchanges of agricultural science and technology.

　　第四十九条 国家在农村实施义务教育，发展农业职业教育，提高农业劳动者的文化技术素质。

Article 49 The State shall implement compulsory education in the countryside, develop professional education of agriculture and enhance the cultural and technical qualifications of agricultural labourers.

　　第五十条 国家扶持农业技术推广事业，促使先进的农业技术尽快应用于农业生产。

Article 50 The State shall support the popularization of agricultural techniques to promote the prompt application of advanced agricultural techniques to agricultural production.

农业技术推广机构应当与农业科研、教育单位相互协作，推广先进的农业技术。

Setups for popularizing agricultural techniques shall coordinate with units of agricultural scientific research and education to popularize advanced agricultural techniques.

　　第五十一条 对于农业技术推广机构、农业科研单位和有关学校举办的为学业服务的企业，国家在税收、信贷等方面给予优惠。

Article 51 The State shall afford preferential treatments in respect of taxation, credit and loan to enterprises initiated for the service of agriculture by setups for popularizing agricultural techniques, units of agricultural scientific research and relevant schools.

　　第五十二条 各级人民政府应当采取措施，充实加强农业科技、教育和农业技术推广队伍。

Article 52 People's governments at various levels shall take measures to reinforce and strengthen the contingent of agricultural science and technology, education and popularization of agricultural techniques, 

对从事农业技术推广工作的专业科技人员，应当保障和改善他们的工作条件和生活条件，改善他们的待遇，并依照国家规定给予补贴，鼓励他们为农业服务。

safeguard and improve the working and living conditions and better the treatment of the professional scientific and technological personnel engaged in the work of popularizing agricultural techniques and shall, in accordance with the provisions of the State, give subsidies to such personnel and encourage them to contribute their services to agriculture.

　　第五十三条 国家鼓励农民采用先进的农业技术，支持农民举办各种科技组织。

Article 53 The State shall encourage peasants to apply the advanced agricultural techniques and support them to form various kinds of scientific and technological organizations.

第七章 农业资源与农业环境保护　

CHAPTER VII AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES AND AGRICULTURAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

　　第五十四条 发展农业必须合理利用资源，保护和改善生态环境。

Article 54 In the development of agriculture, resources must be utilized in a rational way and the ecological environment must be protected and improved.

　　各级人民政府应当制订农业资源区划、农业环境保护规划和农村能源发展计划，组织农业生态环境治理。

People's governments at various levels shall draw up plans for regionalization of agricultural resources, programmes for agricultural environmental protection and plans for the development of rural energy, and organize the rehabilitation of the agricultural ecological environment.

　　第五十五条 县级以上各级地方人民政府应当划定基本农田保护区，对基本农田保护区内的耕地实行特殊保护，具体办法由国务院规定。

Article 55 People's governments at or above the county level shall delimit protection areas of basic farmlands, and carry out special protection for the cultivated lands within the protection areas of basic farmlands. The specific measures therefor shall be stipulated by the State Council.

　　县级以上各级人民政府应当采取措施，加强对荒山、荒地、荒滩的开发与治理。

People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to strengthen the development and rehabilitation of barren hills, unreclaimed lands and desolated beaches.

　　农业生产经营组织和农业劳动者应当保养土地，合理使用化肥、农药，增加使用有机肥料，提高地方，防止土地的污染、破坏和地方衰退。

Agricultural production and operation organizations and agricultural labourers shall keep good maintenance of their lands, make a rational use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, increase their application of organic fertilizers so as to improve soil fertility and prevent the land from pollution, destruction and soil fertility declination.

　　第五十六条 国家对水土保持工作实行预防为主，全面规划，综合防治，因地制宜，加强管理，注重效益的方针。

Article 56 The State shall, in the work of water and soil conservation, implement the policy of prevention first, overall planning, comprehensive prevention and control, adoption of measures suited to local conditions, strengthening management and laying stress on beneficial results.

各级人民政府应当采取措施，加强对小流域治理，控制风沙危害，预防和治理水土流失、土地沙化。

 People's governments at various levels shall take measures to strengthen the rehabilitation of small river basins, control hazards of sand storms, prevent and control soil erosion and desertification.

　　禁止毁林开荒、烧山开荒、围湖造田以及开垦国家禁止开垦的陡坡地。

Destroying forest or burning vegetation for land reclamation, or building dykes to reclaim land from a lake or reclaiming slopes banned by the State shall be prohibited.

　　第五十七条 国家实行全民义务植树制度。

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