在合同约定的保证期间和前款规定的保证期间，债权人未对债务人提起诉讼或者申请仲裁的，保证人免除保证责任；债权人已提起诉讼或者申请仲裁的，保证期间适用诉讼时效中断的规定。

Where the creditor neither files a lawsuit against the debtor nor applies for arbitration during the term of suretyship agreed in the contract of provided in the preceding paragraph, the surety shall be relieved of the suretyship liability; where the creditor has filed a lawsuit or applied for arbitration, the provisions on the interruption of prescription shall apply to the term of suretyship.

第二十六条连带责任保证的保证人与债权人未约定保证期间的，债权人有权自主债务履行期届满之日起六个月内要求保证人承担保证责任。

Article 26 Where the surety of a suretyship of joint and several liability and the creditor have no agreement on the term of suretyship, the creditor shall, within six months from the date of maturity of the principal debts, have the right to demand that the surety undertake suretyship liability.

在合同约定的保证期间和前款规定的保证期间，债权人未要求保证人承担保证责任的，保证人免除保证责任。

If the creditor does not demand that the surety undertake suretyship liability during the term of suretyship agreed in the contract or provided by the preceding paragraph, the surety shall be relieved of the suretyship liability.

第二十七条保证人依照本法第十四条规定就连续发生的债权作保证，未约定保证期间的，保证人可以随时书面通知债权人终止保证合同，但保证人对于通知到债权人前所发生的债权，承担保证责任。

Article 27 Where in accordance with the provisions of Article 14 of this Law, a surety provides a suretyship to a creditor's claims which successively occur but there is no agreement on the term of the suretyship, the surety may at any time notify in writing the creditor of termination of the suretyship contract, nevertheless, the surety shall be liable for the creditor's claims which vested before the creditor receives the notice.

第二十八条同一债权既有保证又有物的担保的，保证人对物的担保以外的债权承担保证责任。

Article 28 Where there are both suretyship and property security for the same claim, the surety shall be liable for the creditor's claim unsecured by the property security.

债权人放弃物的担保的，保证人在债权人放弃权利的范围内免除保证责任。

If the creditor waives the property security, the surety shall be relieved of his suretyship liability to the extent of the creditor's waiver.

第二十九条企业法人的分支机构未经法人书面授权或者超出授权范围与债权人订立保证合同的，该合同无效或者超出授权范围的部分无效，债权人和企业法人有过错的，应当根据其过错各自承担相应的民事责任；债权人无过错的，由企业法人承担民事责任。

Article 29 If a branch of an enterprise as a legal person concludes a suretyship contract with a creditor without the written authorization of the enterprise or beyond the scope of the authorization, the suretyship contract shall be null and void or the part of the contract that is beyond the scope of the authorization shall be null and void. If the creditor and the enterprise as a legal person are both at fault, they shall bear their respective civil liabilities commensurate with their own fault; if the creditor is not at fault, the enterprise as a legal person shall be civilly liable.

第三十条有下列情形之一的，保证人不承担民事责任：

Article 30 The surety shall not be civilly liable under any of the following circumstances:

（一）主合同当事人双方串通，骗取保证人提供保证的；

(1) the parties to the principal contract conspire to defraud the surety of a suretyship; and

（二）主合同债权人采取欺诈、胁迫等手段，使保证人在违背真实意思的情况下提供保证的。

(2) the creditor to the principal contract resorts to deception or coercion to induce or cause the surety to provide a suretyship against its will.

第三十一条保证人承担保证责任后，有权向债务人追偿。

Article 31 The surety, after his assumption of the suretyship liability, shall be entitled to recourse against the debtor.

第三十二条人民法院受理债务人破产案件后，债权人未申报债权的，保证人可以参加破产财产分配，预先行使追偿权。

Article 32 If the creditor does not seek to enforce his claim after a People's Court's acceptance of the debtor's bankruptcy case, the surety may participate in the distribution of the bankruptcy property and exercise his right of recourse in advance.

第三章抵押

Chapter 3 Mortgage

第一节抵押和抵押物

Section 1 Mortgage and Mortgaged Property

第三十三条本法所称抵押，是指债务人或者第三人不转移对本法第三十四条所列财产的占有，将该财产作为债权的担保。

Article 33 Mortgage as used in this Law means that the debtor or a third party secures the creditor's rights with property listed in Article 34 of this Law without transference of its possession.债务人不履行债务时，债权人有权依照本法规定以该财产折价或者以拍卖、变卖该财产的价款优先受偿。

If the debtor defaults, the creditor shall be entitled to convert the property into money to offset the debts or have priority in satisfying his claim from the proceeds of auction or sale of the property in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

前款规定的债务人或者第三人为抵押人，债权人为抵押权人，提供担保的财产为抵押物。

The debtor or the third party specified in the preceding paragraph is the mortgagor, the creditor is the mortgagee, and the property provided as security is the mortgaged property.

第三十四条下列财产可以抵押：

Article 34 The following property may be mortgaged:

（一）抵押人所有的房屋和其他地上定着物；

(1) houses and other things firmly fixed on the land which are owned by the mortgagor;

（二）抵押人所有的机器、交通运输工具和其他财产；

(2) machines, means of transport and other property owned by the mortgagor;

（三）抵押人依法有权处分的国有的土地使用权、房屋和其他地上定着物；

(3) the land-use right to the State-owed land, State-owned houses and other things firmly fixed on the land which the mortgagor is entitled to dispose of according to law;

（四）抵押人依法有权处分的国有的机器、交通运输工具和其他财产；

(4) State-owned machines, means of transport and other property which the mortgagor is entitled to dispose of according to law;

（五）抵押人依法承包并经发包方同意抵押的荒山、荒沟、荒丘、荒滩等荒地的土地使用权；

(5) The land-use right to barren hills, barren gullies, barren hillocks, waste flood land and other unreclaimed land contracted by the mortgagor according to law and consent for the mortgage of such right is obtained from the party granting the contract; and

（六）依法可以抵押的其他财产。

(6) Other property that may be mortgaged according to law.

抵押人可以将前款所列财产一并抵押。

A mortgagor may at the same time mortgage all the property listed in the preceding paragraph.

第三十五条抵押人所担保的债权不得超出其抵押物的价值。

Article 35 The amount of a claim secured by a mortgagor shall not exceed the value of his mortgaged property.

财产抵押后，该

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