中华人民共和国担保法

The Guaranty Law of the People's Republic of China

（１９９５年６月３０日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十四次会议通过）

(Approved by the 14th Meeting of the Standing committee of the 8th National People's Congress on June 30, 1995 and Effective as of October 1, 1995)

第一章总则

Chapter I General Provisions

第一条为促进资金融通和商品流通，保障债权的实现，发展社会主义市场经济，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted with a view to promoting the accommodation of funds and the circulation of commodities, ensuring the enforcement of creditor's rights and developing the socialist market economy.

第二条在借贷、买卖、货物运输、加工承揽等经济活动中，债权人需要以担保方式保障其债权实现的，可以依照本法规定设定担保。

本法规定的担保方式为保证、抵押、质押、留置和定金。

第三条担保活动应当遵循平等、自愿、公平、诚实信用的原则。

Article 3 In guaranty activities, the principles of equality, voluntariness, fairness, honesty and credibility shall be observed.

第四条第三人为债务人向债权人提供担保时，可以要求债务人提供反担保。

Article 4 Where a third party provides a guaranty to creditor for a debtor, the third party may require the debtor to provide him with a counter-guaranty.

反担保适用本法担保的规定。

The provisions on guaranty in this Law shall apply to the counter-guaranty.

第五条担保合同是主合同的从合同，主合同无效，担保合同无效。

Article 5 A guaranty contract is an ancillary contract of the principal contract. If the principal contract is null and void, the guaranty contract shall be null and void, accordingly. 担保合同另有约定的，按照约定。

Where it is otherwise agreed in the guaranty contract, such agreement shall prevail.

担保合同被确认无效后，债务人、担保人、债权人有过错的，应当根据其过错各自承担相应的民事责任。

If a guaranty contract is determined to be null and void, the debtor, the guarantor or the creditor who is in default shall bear civil liability according to their respective fault.

第二章保证

Chapter 2 Suretyship

第一节保证和保证人

Section 1 Suretyship and Surety

第六条本法所称保证，是指保证人和债权人约定，当债务人不履行债务时，保证人按照约定履行债务或者承担责任的行为。

Article 6 Suretyship as used in this Law means an agreement pursuant to which a surety and a creditor agree that the surety shall perform the obligation or bear the liability according to the agreement, when the debtor fails to perform his obligation.

第七条具有代为清偿债务能力的法人、其他组织或者公民，可以作保证人。

Article 7 A legal person, other organization or a citizen capable of assuming debts may act as a surety.

第八条国家机关不得为保证人，但经国务院批准为使用外国政府或者国际经济组织贷款进行转贷的除外。

Article 8 No State organ may act as a surety, except in the case of securing loans, for onlending, from a foreign government or an international economic organization as is approved by the State Council.

第九条学校、幼儿园、医院等以公益为目的的事业单位、社会团体不得为保证人。

Article 9 Institutions such as schools, kindergartens and hospitals established for purposes of public welfare, and public organizations may not act as a surety.

第十条企业法人的分支机构、职能部门不得为保证人。

Article 10 Branches and functioning departments of an enterprise as a legal person may not act as a surety.

企业法人的分支机构有法人书面授权的，可以在授权范围内提供保证。

If a branch of an enterprise as a legal person has a power of attorney from the legal person, it may provide a suretyship within the scope of authority.

第十一条任何单位和个人不得强令银行等金融机构或者企业为他人提供保证；银行等金融机构或者企业对强令其为他人提供保证的行为，有权拒绝。

Article 11 No organization or individual may compel a bank or another financial institution or an enterprise to provide a suretyship for another; a bank or another financial institution or an enterprise shall have the right to refuse to provide suretyship for another.

第十二条同一债务有两个以上保证人的，保证人应当按照保证合同约定的保证份额，承担保证责任。

Article 12 Where there are two or more sureties for one obligation, the sureties shall undertake suretyship liability according to their proportion of suretyship agreed in the suretyship contract.没有约定保证份额的，保证人承担连带责任，债权人可以要求任何一个保证人承担全部保证责任，保证人都负有担保全部债权实现的义务。

In the absence of an agreement on the proportion of suretyship, the sureties shall be jointly and severally liable. The creditor may demand any one of the sureties to undertake all suretyship liability, and every surety shall have the obligation to ensure all of the creditor's rights. 已经承担保证责任的保证人，有权向债务人追偿，或者要求承担连带责任的其他保证人清偿其应当承担的份额。

The surety who has undertaken the suretyship liability shall have the right of recourse against the debtor, or have the right to demand other sureties who are jointly and severally liable to discharge the proportion of obligations which they should respectively assume

第二节保证合同和保证方式

Section 2 Suretyship Contract and Modes of Suretyship

第十三条保证人与债权人应当以书面形式订立保证合同。

Article 13 A surety and a creditor shall conclude a suretyship contract in writing.

第十四条保证人与债权人可以就单个主合同分别订立保证合同，也可以协议在最高债权额限度内就一定期间连续发生的借款合同或者某项商品交易合同订立一个保证合同。

Article 14 A surety and a creditor may conclude separate suretyship contracts for a single principal contract, or may reach an agreement to conclude, to the extent of the maximum amount of claim, a single suretyship contract for loan contracts or for certain commodities transaction contracts which successively occur in a given period of time.

第十五条保证合同应当包括以下内容：

Article 15 A suretyship contract shall contain the following particulars:

（一）被保证的主债权种类、数额；

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