Article 38 The State encourages development of unused land by units or individuals according to the general plans for the utilization of land and under the precondition of protecting and improving the ecological environment, preventing water loss, soil erosion and desertification. Land suitable for agricultural use should have the priority of developing into land for agricultural use.

国家依法保护开发者的合法权益。

The State protects the legitimate rights and interests of developers.

第三十九条开垦未利用的土地，必须经过科学论证和评估，在土地利用总体规划划定的可开垦的区域内，经依法批准后进行。

Article 39 Reclaiming unused land shall go through scientific argumentation and evaluation and can proceed according to law after approval within the reclaimable areas demarcated in the general plans for the utilization of land.

禁止毁坏森林、草原开垦耕地，禁止围湖造田和侵占江河滩地。

It is forbidden to destroy forests and grassland in the process of land reclamation. It is forbidden to carry out landfill of lakes and occupy beachland of rivers.

根据土地利用总体规划，对破坏生态环境开垦、围垦的土地，有计划有步骤地退耕还林、还牧、还湖。

Whereas reclaimation of a land or rounding up of a land for reclaimation would give harm to ecological environment the land concerned should be restored as forerts, pasture fields or lakes step by step and in a planned manner according to the general plans for the utilization of land.

第四十条开发未确定使用权的国有荒山、荒地、荒滩从事种植业、林业、畜牧业、渔业生产的，经县级以上人民政府依法批准，可以确定给开发单位或者个人长期使用。

Article 40 For developing waste hills, land or beachland whose use rights have not been ascertained for crop cultivation, forestry, animal husbandry or fisheries, the use rights may be given to developers or individuals for long-term use with the approval of the people's government at and above the county level according to law.

第四十一条国家鼓励土地整理。县、乡（镇）人民政府应当组织农村集体经济组织，按照土地利用总体规划，对田、水、路、林、村综合整治，提高耕地质量，增加有效耕地面积，改善农业生产条件和生态环境。

Article 41 The State encourages land consolidation. People's governments of counties and townships (towns) shall organize rural collective economic organizations to carry out comprehensive consolidation of fields, water surface, roads, woods and villages according to the general plans for the utilization of land to raise the quality of cultivated land and increase areas for effective cultivation and improve the agricultural production conditions and ecological environment.

地方各级人民政府应当采取措施，改造中、低产田，整治闲散地和废弃地。

Local people's governments at all levels shall adopt measures to ameliorate medium-and low-yielding land and consolidate idle and scattered and abandoned land.

第四十二条因挖损、塌陷、压占等造成土地破坏，用地单位和个人应当按照国家有关规定负责复垦；没有条件复垦或者复垦不符合要求的，应当缴纳土地复垦费，专项用于土地复垦。复垦的土地应当优先用于农业。

Article 42 Whereas land is damaged due to digging, cave-in and occupation, the units or individuals occupying the land should be responsible for reclamation according to the relevant provisions of the State; for lack of ability of reclamation or for failure to meet the required reclamation, land reclamation fees shall be paid, for use in land reclamation. Land reclaimed shall be first used for agricultural purposes.

第五章建设用地

CHAPTER FIVE LAND FOR CONSTRUCTION PURPOSES

第四十三条任何单位和个人进行建设，需要使用土地的，必须依法申请使用国有土地；但是，兴办乡镇企业和村民建设住宅经依法批准使用本集体经济组织农民集体所有的土地的，或者乡（镇）村公共设施和公益事业建设经依法批准使用农民集体所有的土地的除外。

Article 43 Any unit or individual that need land for construction purposes should apply for the use of land owned by the State according to law, except land owned by peasant collectives used by collective economic organizations for building township enterprises or building houses for villagers or land owned by peasant collectives approved according to law for use in building public facilities or public welfare facilities of townships (towns).

前款所称依法申请使用的国有土地包括国家所有的土地和国家征用的原属于农民集体所有的土地。

The term "apply for the use of land owned by the State according to law" used in the preceding paragraph refers to land owned by the State and also land originally owned by peasant collectives but having been requistitioned by the State.

第四十四条建设占用土地，涉及农用地转为建设用地的，应当办理农用地转用审批手续。

Article 44 Whereas occupation of land for construction purposes involves the conversion of agricultural land into land for construction purposes, the examination and approval procedures in this regard shall be required.

省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准的道路、管线工程和大型基础设施建设项目、国务院批准的建设项目占用土地，涉及农用地转为建设用地的，由国务院批准。

For projects of roads, pipelines and large infrastructure approved by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, land for construction has to be approved by the State Council whereas conversion of agricultural land is involved.

在土地利用总体规划确定的城市和村庄、集镇建设用地规模范围内，为实施该规划而将农用地转为建设用地的，按土地利用年度计划分批次由原批准土地利用总体规划的机关批准。在已批准的农用地转用范围内，具体建设项目用地可以由市、县人民政府批准。

Whereas agricultural land is converted into construction purposes as part of the efforts to implement the general plans for the utilization of land within the amount of land used for construction purposes as defined in the general plans for cities, villages and market towns, it shall be approved batch by batch according to the annual plan for the use of land by the organs that approved the original general plans for the utilization of land. The specific projects within the scope of land approved for conversion shall be approved by the people's governments of cities or counties.

本条第二款、第三款规定以外的建设项目占用土地，涉及农用地转为建设用地的，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准。

Land to be occupied for construction purposes other than those provided for in the second and third paragraphs of this article shall be approved by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous region and municipalities whereas conversion of agricultural land into construction land is involved.

第四十五条征用下列土地的，由国务院批准：

Article 45 The requisition of the following land shall be approved by the State Council:

（一）基本农田；

1. Basic farmland;

（二）基本农田以外的耕地超过三十五公顷的；

2. Land exceeding 35 hectares outside the basic farmland;

（三）其他土地超过七十公顷的。

3. Other land exceeding 70 hectares.

征用前款规定以外的土地的，由

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