{0>各地海关要加强对文物出入境的监管工作，防止珍贵文物流失。<}0{>Customs of all localities should step up supervision and control over exit and entry cultural relics and guard against losses of rare and precious cultural relics.<0}

{0>要依法规范文物拍卖市场。<}0{>Cultural relics auction markets must be standardized in accordance with law.<0}

{0>国家和省、自治区、直辖市文物行政管理部门及其文物鉴定机构，要加强对文物拍卖标的的鉴定和许可审批工作。<}0{>The departments of administration of cultural relics of the State, provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and the cultural relics appraisal organs under them should strengthen the work of examination and approval of appraisals and permits for cultural relics auction subject matters.<0}

{0>法律法规禁止买卖的文物不得作为拍卖标的进入拍卖市场。<}0{>Cultural relics the buying and selling of which are prohibited by laws and regulations must not enter the auction markets as auction subject matters.<0}

{0>流传在社会的具有特别重要历史、科学、艺术价值的文物（包括文物的特殊品种）应在一定范围内定向拍卖。<}0{>Cultural relics circulating in society and having extraordinarily important historical, scientific and artistic values (including special varieties of cultural relics) should be directionally auctioned within a certain scope.<0}

{0>国家对公民出售个人所有的传世珍贵文物有优先购买权。<}0{>The State has priority purchasing right over rare and precious cultural relics handed down from generations and owned by individuals which are put on sale by citizens.<0}

{0>五、强化执法力度，严厉打击文物犯罪活动<}0{>V.　Intensification of Efforts in Law Enforcement and Stern Crackdown on Criminal Activities Related to Cultural Relics<0}

{0>要在广泛、深入、持久地宣传有关文物保护的法律法规的同时，强化执法力度，着力抓好对法人违法案件的处理，追究当事人和责任人的行政或法律责任。<}0{>Efforts should be intensified in law enforcement while conducting extensive, in-depth and lasting publicity of laws and regulations related to the protection of cultural relics and exertions made to the proper handling of corporate law-breaking cases, and investigation of administrative and legal liabilities of the parties and responsible persons.<0}

{0>公安、内贸、工商、海关、文物等有关部门要加强协作，形成合力，严厉打击盗掘、盗窃和走私文物等犯罪活动。<}0{>The departments of public security, domestic trade, industry and commerce, customs and cultural relics should step up coordination to form a cohesive force and launch a stern crackdown on criminal activities involving pirate excavations, robberies, pilferage and smuggling of cultural relics.<0}

{0>公安机关应在重点文物收藏单位和文物犯罪多发地区加强防范，必要时可设立专门的公安派出机构。<}0{>Public security organs should step up precautions in key collection units of cultural relics and areas of frequent occurrences of cultural relics-related crimes and set up special-purpose public security outposts when necessary.<0}

{0>文物部门要建立健全文物保护责任制，配合公安机关打击文物犯罪活动，支持和鼓励文物管理人员与违法犯罪行为进行斗争。<}0{>The departments of cultural relics should establish sound responsibility system for the protection of cultural relics, cooperate with public security organs in crackdown on cultural relics-related criminal activities, and support and encourage caretakers of cultural relics in the fight against illegal criminal acts.<0}

{0>六、加强队伍建设，提高文物管理工作的水平<}0{>VI.　Strengthening of the Buildup of the Ranks and Upgrading of the Management Level of Cultural Relics<0}

{0>做好文物工作，必须建设一支政治强、业务精、作风正的文物工作队伍。<}0{>To do the cultural relics-related work well, a workforce of cultural relics which is politically strong, professionally proficient and correct in style must be built up.<0}

{0>”各有关部门和单位要高度重视队伍的思想建设，教育和要求广大干部坚持正确的政治方向，认真学习马列主义、毛泽东思想特别是邓小平建设有中国特色社会主义理论，树立全心全意为人民服务的思想和高尚的职业道德，自觉遵纪守法。<}0{>All departments and units concerned must attach great importance to the ideological building of the workforce, educate and require numerous cadres to adhere to correct political orientation, conscientiously study Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and especially Deng Xiaoping’s theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, adopt the idea of serving the people whole-heartedly and noble professional ethics and consciously abide by discipline and law.<0}

{0>同时，要组织广大干部努力学习和掌握有关方针政策、法律法规和专业知识，不断提高业务工作水平。<}0{>In the meantime, numerous cadres should be organized to study hard and master relevant policies, laws and regulations and professional knowledge and constantly raise professional levels.<0}

{0>要进一步加强有关专业技术人才的培养，采取“馆校结合”、师承制等方式，切实解决文物保护技术、文物鉴定、文物修复、古建筑维修等人才短缺的问题。<}0{>Training of technical personnel of relevant specialties should be further stepped up by adopting the ways of "combination of the museum with the school" and master-apprentice system, and earnestly resolve the question of shortage of qualified personnel in the protection techniques of cultural relics, appraisal of cultural relics, repair and restoration of cultural relics and maintenance of ancient architecture.<0}

{0>加强对文物保护传统技艺的整理、挖掘，注重发挥文物和博物馆界老专家、老技工的作用。<}0{>Step up the sorting out and tapping of traditional techniques for the protection of cultural relics and lay stress on the role of veteran specialists and senior technicians in the circles of cultural relics and museums.<0}

{0>应有计划地增加对外技术交流，选派优秀中青年科技人员到国外学习先进的文物保护科学技术。<}0{>Technical exchanges with foreign countries should be promoted in a planned way and best young and middle-aged scientific and technical personnel should be selected to study advanced science and technology for the protection of cultural relics abroad.<0}

{0>同时，注重培养兼通行政管理、经营管理、现代科技等知识的复合型人才，逐步提高文物部门专业人员的比例。<}0{>In the meantime, lay stress on the training of multi-talented personnel with concurrent mastery of knowledge of administration, operational management and modern science and technology, and increase step by step the percentage of specialized personnel in departments of cultural relics.<0}

{0>要通过各种方式加强对现有文物行政管理人员的培训，促进管理工作的科学化、规范化。<}0{>Training of active-duty administrators of cultural relics should be stepped up in various ways to promote scientific and standardized management.<0}

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