取得教师资格的人员首次任教时，应当有试用期。

Those with qualifications for teachers who are for the first time appointed as teachers shall undergo a probation period.

第十四条受到剥夺政治权利或者故意犯罪受到有期徒刑以上刑事处罚的，不能取得教师资格；已经取得教师资格的，丧失教师资格。

Article 14 Those who have been deprived of political rights or subjected to fixed-term imprisonment or even more severe punishment for intentional crime shall not be allowed to obtain qualifications for teachers; and those who have already obtained qualifications for teachers shall forfeit such qualifications.

第十五条各级师范学校毕业生，应当按照国家有关规定从事教育教学工作。

Article 15 Graduates of normal schools at various levels shall be engaged in education and teaching in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State.

国家鼓励非师范高等学校毕业生到中小学或者职业学校任教。

The State shall encourage graduates of non-normal schools of higher learning to teach at primary and secondary schools or vocational schools.

第十六条国家实行教师职务制度，具体办法由国务院规定。

Article 16 The State shall institute a system of professional titles for teachers. The specific measures shall be worked out by the State Council.

第十七条学校和其他教育机构应当逐步实行教师聘任制。教师的聘任应当遵循双方地位平等的原则，由学校和教师签订聘任合同，明确规定双方的权利、义务和责任。

Article 17 Schools and other institutions of education shall gradually institute a system of appointment for teachers. Appointment of teachers shall be based on the principle of equality between both parties. The school and the teacher shall sign an appointment contract defining each other's rights, obligations and responsibilities.

实施教师聘任制的步骤、办法由国务院教育行政部门规定。

Steps and measures for implementing the appointment system for teachers shall be formulated by the administrative department of education under the State Council.

第四章培养和培训

CHAPTER IV CULTIVATION AND TRAINING

第十八条各级人民政府和有关部门应当办好师范教育，并采取措施，鼓励优秀青年进入各级师范学校学习。各级教师进修学校承担培训中小学教师的任务。

Article 18 People's governments at various levels and the departments concerned shall make a success of normal school education and adopt measures to encourage outstanding youth to study at normal schools at various levels. Schools for teachers' advanced studies at different levels shall undertake the task of training teachers for primary and secondary schools.

非师范学校应当承担培养和培训中小学教师的任务。

Non-normal schools shall undertake the task of cultivating and training primary and secondary school teachers.

各级师范学校学生享受专业奖学金。

Students of normal schools at various levels shall enjoy professional scholarships.

第十九条各级人民政府教育行政部门、学校主管部门和学校应当制定教师培训规划，对教师进行多种形式的思想政治、业务培训。

Article 19 The administrative departments of education under the people's governments at various levels, the departments in charge of school affairs and the schools shall work out teachers' training programmes and conduct various forms of ideological, political and professional training among teachers.

第二十条国家机关、企业事业单位和其他社会组织应当为教师的社会调查和社会实践提供方便，给予协助。

Article 20 State organs, enterprises, institutions and other social organizations shall provide convenience and assistance to teachers in their social investigation and social practice.

第二十一条各级人民政府应当采取措施，为少数民族地区和边远贫困地区培养、培训教师。

Article 21 People's governments at various levels shall adopt measures to cultivate and train teachers for regions inhabited by national minorities and for outlying and poverty-stricken areas.

第二十二条学校或者其他教育机构应当对教师的政治思想、业务水平、工作态度和工作成绩进行考核。

Article 22 Schools or other institutions of education shall conduct assessment of teachers' political awareness and ideological level, professional qualifications, attitude towards work and their performances.

教育行政部门对教师的考核工作进行指导、监督。

The administrative departments of education shall guide and supervise the assessment work for teachers.

第二十三条考核应当客观、公正、准确，充分听取教师本人、其他教师以及学生的意见。

Article 23 Assessment shall be conducted in an objective, fair and accurate manner and in the process of assessment, opinions from teachers themselves, their colleagues and students shall be taken into full consideration.

第二十四条教师考核结果是受聘任教、晋升工资、实施奖惩的依据。

Article 24 The assessment results shall be the basis for teachers' appointment and pay rise as well as rewards and punishments.

第二十五条教师的平均工资水平应当不低于或者高于国家公务员的平均工资水平，并逐步提高。建立正常晋级增薪制度，具体办法由国务院规定。

Article 25 Teachers' average salary shall not be lower or shall be higher than that of State public servants and shall be gradually raised. A regular system for promotion and pay rise shall be established, and the specific measures therefor shall be formulated by the State Council.

第二十六条中小学教师和职业学校教师享受教龄津贴和其他津贴，具体办法由国务院教育行政部门会同有关部门制定。

Article 26 Teachers of primary and secondary schools and vocational schools shall enjoy allowances commensurate with the length of their teaching and other allowances, and the specific measures therefor shall be formulated by the administrative department of education under the State Council in conjunction with the departments concerned.

第二十七条地方各级人民政府对教师以及具有中专以上学历的毕业生到少数民族地区和边远贫困地区从事教育教学工作的，应当予以补贴。

Article 27 Local people's governments at various levels shall grant subsidies to teachers and graduates from secondary vocational schools or from schools at higher levels who engage themselves in education and teaching in regions inhabited by national minorities or in outlying and poverty-stricken areas.

第二十八条地方各级人民政府和国务院有关部门，对城市教师住房的建设、租赁、出售实行优先、优惠。

Article 28 Local people's governments at various levels and the departments concerned under the State Council shall give priority and preferential treatment to the construction, renting and sale of ho

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