第九条为保障教师完成教育教学任务，各级人民政府、教育行政部门、有关部门、学校和其他教育机构应当履行下列职责：

Article 9 To guarantee that teachers complete their educational and teaching tasks, people's governments at various levels, administrative departments of education, relevant departments, schools and other institutions of education shall perform the following functions and duties;

（一）提供符合国家安全标准的教育教学设施和设备；

(1) to provide educational and teaching facilities and equipment that are up to the safety standards set by the State;

（二）提供必需的图书、资料及其他教育教学用品；

(2) to provide necessary books, reference materials and other articles for education and teaching;

（三）对教师在教育教学、科学研究中的创造性工作给以鼓励和帮助；

(3) to encourage and help teachers in their creative work in education, teaching and scientific research; and

（四）支持教师制止有害于学生的行为或者其他侵犯学生合法权益的行为。

(4) to back up teachers in their efforts to stop acts that are harmful to students and other acts that encroach upon students' legitimate rights and interests.

第三章资格和任用

CHAPTER III QUALIFICATIONS AND EMPLOYMENT

第十条国家实行教师资格制度。

Article 10 The State shall institute a system of qualifications for teachers.

中国公民凡遵守宪法和法律，热爱教育事业，具有良好的思想品德，具备本法规定的学历或者经国家教师资格考试合格，有教育教学能力，经认定合格的，可以取得教师资格。

All Chinese citizens, who abide by the Constitution and laws, take a keen interest in education, have sound ideological and moral character, possess a record of formal schooling as stipulated in this Law or have passed the national teachers' qualification examinations, have educational and teaching ability may, after being evaluated as qualified, obtain qualifications for teachers.

第十一条取得教师资格应当具备的相应学历是：

Article 11 To obtain qualifications for teachers, corresponding records of formal schooling are required as follows:

（一）取得幼儿园教师资格，应当具备幼儿师范学校毕业及其以上学历；

(1) to obtain qualifications for a teacher in a kindergarten, one shall be a graduate of an infant normal school or upwards;

（二）取得小学教师资格，应当具备中等师范学校毕业及其以上学历；

(2) to obtain qualifications for a teacher in a primary school, one shall be a graduate of a secondary normal school or upwards;

（三）取得初级中学教师、初级职业学校文化、专业课教师资格，应当具备高等师范专科学校或者其他大学专科毕业及其以上学历；

(3) to obtain qualifications for a teacher in a junior middle school, or a teacher for general knowledge courses and specialized courses in a primary vocational school, one shall be a graduate of a specialized higher normal school, or other colleges or universities with two or three years' schooling or upwards;

（四）取得高级中学教师资格和中等专业学校、技工学校、职业高中文化课、专业课教师资格，应当具备高等师范院校本科或者其他大学本科毕业及其以上学历；取得中等专业学校、技工学校和职业高中学生实习指导教师资格应当具备的学历，由国务院教育行政部门规定；

(4) to obtain qualifications for a teacher in a senior middle school, or a teacher for general knowledge courses and specialized courses in a secondary vocational school, technical school or a vocational high school, one shall be a graduate of a normal college or other colleges or universities with four years' schooling or upwards; the corresponding record of formal schooling for the qualifications of instructors who give guidance to students' fieldwork at secondary vocational schools, technical schools or vocational high schools shall be prescribed by the administrative department of education under the State Council;

（五）取得高等学校教师资格，应当具备研究生或者大学本科毕业学历；

(5) to obtain qualifications for a teacher in an institution of higher learning, one shall be a postgraduate or university graduate; and

（六）取得成人教育教师资格，应当按照成人教育的层次、类别，分别具备高等、中等学校毕业及其以上学历。

(6) to obtain qualifications for a teacher for adult education, one shall be a graduate respectively of an institution of higher learning, a secondary school or upwards depending on the level and category of the adult education.

不具备本法规定的教师资格学历的公民，申请获取教师资格，必须通过国家教师资格考试。国家教师资格考试制度由国务院规定。

Citizens who, without the records of formal schooling for teachers' qualifications as stipulated in this Law, apply for teachers' qualifications must pass the national teachers' qualification examinations. The national teachers' qualifications examination system shall be prescribed by the State Council.

第十二条本法实施前已经在学校或者其他教育机构中任教的教师，未具备本法规定学历的，由国务院教育行政部门规定教师资格过渡办法。

Article 12 The administrative department of education under the State Council shall work out transition measures on qualifications for teachers who, before the enforcement of this Law, have been teaching at schools or other institutions of education, but do not have the record of formal schooling as stipulated in this Law.

第十三条中小学教师资格由县级以上地方人民政府教育行政部门认定。

Article 13 The qualifications for teachers in primary and middle schools shall be evaluated and approved by the administrative departments of education under the local people's governments at or above the county level.

中等专业学校、技工学校的教师资格由县级以上地方人民政府教育行政部门组织有关主管部门认定。

 The qualifications for teachers in secondary vocational schools and technical schools shall be evaluated and approved by the relevant competent departments, under the auspices of the administrative departments of education under the local people's governments at or above the county level.

普通高等学校的教师资格由国务院或者省、自治区、直辖市教育行政部门或者由其委托的学校认定。

The qualifications for teachers of regular institutions of higher education shall be evaluated and approved by the administrative departments of education under the State Council, or of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government, or by schools authorized by such departments.

具备本法规定的学历或者经国家教师资格考试合格的公民，要求有关部门认定其教师资格的，有关部门应当依照本法规定的条件予以认定。

If a citizen who possesses a record of formal schooling as stipulated in this Law, or who has passed the national teachers' qualification examinations, requests the departments concerned to evaluate and approve his qualifications for teachers, the depar

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