难点22 虚拟语气

虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式。它用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议或是与事实相反的假设。
●难点磁场
1.(★★★★)Jane’s face suggested that she________ ill,and her parents suggested that she________ a medical examination.
A.be;should have B.was;have
C.should be;had D.was;has
2.(★★★★)You didn’t let me drive.If we________ in turn,you________ so tired.
A.drove;didn’t get B.drove;wouldn’t get
C.were driving;wouldn’t get D.had driven;wouldn’t have got
3.(★★★★)How I wish every family________ a large house with a beautiful garden. (2002上海春季)
A.has B.had
C.will have D.had had

●案例探究
1.I wish I ________ you yesterday.
A.seen B.did see C.had seen D.were to see
命题意图：此题旨在考查wish后加宾语从句表示可实现的愿望。此题属四星级题。
知识依托：wish+宾语从句表示不可实现的愿望，译为“……就好了，但愿……”
错解分析：A、B、D项都不是跟过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构。
解题方法与技巧：掌握wish后宾语从句的三种谓语动词结构。
答案：C
2.I suggested that the meeting________ till tomorrow morning.
A.should put off B.be put off C.is put off D.will put off
命题意图：此题旨在考查suggest （建议）后加宾语从句，从句谓语动词的用法。此题属四星级题。
知识依托：suggest/arrange/demand/insist/order/require等动词后的宾语从句中谓语用（should)+动词原形。另外像advise/idea/order/demand/suggestion等词的表语从句和同位语从句，谓语动词也用（should)+动词原形。
错解分析：A项应用should be put off(会议被延期）。
C、D项都不符合虚拟语气结构。
答案:B
3.When a pencil is put in a glass of water,it looks as if it________.
A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken
命题意图：此题考查虚拟语气用于以as if(as though)引导的表语从句或状语从句。此题属四星级题目。
知识依托：如果从句与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had+过去分词”；表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would (might,could)+动词原形。”
Li Ming speaks English as if he were an Englishman.(与现在事实相反）
It looks as if it might rain.(与将来事实相反）
It seems as if Tom had travelled a lot in China before.(与过去事实相反）
错解分析：本句意思是：当把铅笔放在一杯水里的时候，它看起来就跟断了似的。（其实没断）与现在事实相反。故选C项。
解题方法与技巧：看when a pencil is put in…中谓语时态。
答案:C

●锦囊妙计
做好虚拟语气，除了掌握基本的结构外，还要注意句子所表达的意义与现在过去，还是将来事实相反，看清时间状语，另外还要注意在其他结构中虚拟语气的运用。
1.在主语从句中谓语动词的虚拟语气结构为：“should+动词原形”表示惊奇，不相信，惋惜等。
例：It is advisable/important/natural/necessary that sb.(should)do
2.在It is time/high time that sb.should do sth.
或It is time that sb.did sth
3.would rather sb.+过去时，指现在或将来。
例：I’d rather Father were here now.
I’d rather they came here tomorrow.
4.But for…without短语译为“要不是……”，句子谓语也常用虚拟。

●歼灭难点训练
1.(★★★★)The doctor insisted that the patient________ up smoking.
A.would give B.give C.gives D.gave
2.(★★★★★)________ some information,she could have answered the questions.
A.She had been given B.If she was given
C.Had if she been given D.Had she been given
3.(★★★★)Without electricity human life________ quite difficult today.
A.is B.will be
C.would have been D.would be
4.(★★★★)Everything will go on as usual as if________ happened.
A.nothing had B.anything hadn’t
C.nothing was D.anything was not
5.(★★★★)If only I________ their advice.
A.follow B.will follow
C.have followed D.had followed
6.(★★★★★)If you________ at school,you________a college student now.
A.had studied hard;would have been
B.should have studied hard;should have been
C.had studied hard;would be
C.would study hard;must have been
7.(★★★★)—He is a very brave man.
—Yes,I wish I________ his courage.
A.have B.had
C.will have D.would have
8.(★★★★)It was ordered that no parking________ allowed in front of the building.
A.is B.be C.was D.would be
9.(★★★★)Don’t come today.I’d rather you________ tomorrow.
A.will come B.come C.comes D.came