candle n. 蜡烛 [备考必背] 重要词组 candle light 烛光 birthday candle 生日蜡烛 blow out a candle 吹灭蜡烛 - Jenny blew out the birthday candle. 珍妮吹熄了生日蜡烛。 light a candle 点燃一根蜡烛 - We lit the candle and the candle lit the room. 我们点着了蜡烛,蜡烛照亮了房间。
carry v. 运送,搬运 [特征] - He was carry a box on his shoulder. 他肩上扛着个箱子。 - A car can carry four passengers. 一辆小汽车能载四名乘客。 [贴心叮咛] 这个词的意思很简单,但一定要注意carry的词组,因为这些才是经常考到的。 [备考必背] ①重要词组 carry on 继续进行(尤指中断之后) - Let's carry on our discussion. 让我们继续讨论吧。 carry out 执行;实现 - You should carry out the plan at once. 你们必须立即实施计划。 carry through 进行到底,完成 - He carried through the work in a month. 这项工作他一个月就完成了。 ②辨析bring,take,fetch,carry bring表示“拿来,带来”,指从远方将某物或人带到说话者身边来;take正好相反,指把某物或某人从说话者身边拿走或带走;fetch表示“去取来,去带来”,指从此处到别处把人带来或把物取来;carry表示“运,提,扛”等,强调动作方式,不说明方向。 ③派生词:carrier n. 运送者;搬运工具
carve v. 雕刻;切开 [特征] - The figure of the dog is carved from a piece of wood. 这只狗是用木头雕刻成的。 - She carved me a nice piece from the chicken. 她切了一块很好的肌肉给我。 [备考必背] 重要词组 carve作“雕刻”讲时,通常有以下的用法。 carve sth. into ... 把……雕刻成…… - He carved the stone into the figure of a man. 他把石头雕刻成人的形状。 carve ... from/out sth. 从……中雕刻出…… - The statue was carved from/out stone. 这座雕像是用石头雕刻的。 carve sb. sth. = carve sth. for sb. 为某人雕刻某物 - Jack carved me a dog. = Jack carved a dog for me. 杰克为我雕了只狗。
cast v. 抛,投掷 [特征] - The fisherman cast his net into the sea. 渔夫将渔网撒进了大海。 - He cast a stone against the window. 他朝窗户扔了块石头。 [贴心叮咛] cast是一个很重要的单词,它有非常多的词组,这些词组同时出现往往就构成了cast的考点。 [考点] 重要词组 cast off 丢弃 cast down 使心烦意乱,气馁 - He was cast down when he heard the news. 他听到这个消息非常泄气。 cast away (遭遇海难而)流落某地 - We were cast away by the storm on an island without food or water. 我们因风暴而流落到一个没有食物,也没有淡水的小岛上。 cast ... aside 把……丢在一边 - He cast the worn clothes aside. 他把破衣服抛在一边。
cause n. 原因;导致某事发生的人或事 vt. 引起,使产生 [特征] - The cause of the fire was carelessness. 起火的原因是由于疏忽。 - The war caused disasters to the people. 战争给人们带来了灾难。 - His absence caused me much trouble. 他的缺席给我带来了许多麻烦。 [贴心叮咛] cause是非常重要的单词,要注意它作动词时的用法。 [考点] ①cause作“引起”,“导致”讲时,后面可接不定式作宾语补足语,不可接动词原形、形容词、副词或分词作宾语补足语。 (误)What caused her so sad? (正)What caused her to be so sad? 什么使她如此难过? (误)Nothing can cause him change his mind. (正)Nothing can cause him to change his mind. 什么也不能使他改变主意。 ②cause作名词“原因”讲时是可数名词,其后面接介词of;作“理由”讲时,是不可数名词,其后面接介词for。 - The heavy rain was the cause of the flood. 大雨是导致洪水产生的原因。 - You have no cause for complaint. 你没有理由抱怨。 [备考必背] 辨析cause和reason 这两个词都可指“原因,理由”。cause是指造成事实的“原因”,是客观的;reason则指对某种行为的解释,意为“理由”。
certain adj. ①确定的,无疑的 ②某种,一定的 [特征] - I am certain that you'll follow me. 我确信你会跟我来。 - For a certain reason she began to cry. 由于某种原因,她开始哭起来。 [贴心叮咛] certain不仅经常考到,在口语中也经常用到。 [考点] certain作“肯定的,确信的”讲时,多用作表语,后面可接从句、不定式、of等引导的介词短语。请记住下面的短语和句型: be certain of/about 对……有把握 - We are certain of victory. 我们胜券在握。 be certain to 一定会 - I'm certain to do well next time. 我下次一定会做得很好。 It is certain that ... 一定会…… - It is certain that two and two makes four. 二加二等于四是确定无疑的。 be not certain whether/what/which ... 不能确定…… - I am not certain whether he will come. 我不能肯定他是否会来。 [备考必背] 派生词 certainly adv. 当然,必定
challenge n. 挑战 [特征] - I acdepted his challenge to run the race. 我接受了他提出的和我赛跑的挑战。 [贴心叮咛] challenge是很重要的单词,要注意它的相关词组。 [备考必背] 重要词组 face the challenge 面对挑战 meet the challenge 满足要求;完成任务
changeable adj. 可改变的,易变的 [特征] - The weather here is changeable. 这儿的天气多变。 [练习与解答] - Sarah, hurry up. I'm afraid you can't have time to before the party. [2004 全国] A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change 答案 A (快点,萨拉!我担心你在聚会以前没时间换衣服了。本题考查“系动词+表语”的结构。get changed的意思是“换衣服”,changed是过去分词用作表语,此用法和get dressed及be seated一样。)
charge vt. ①索(要)价 ②指控 ③充电 n. ①费用,价钱 ②指控 ③负责,主管 [特征] - The shop owner charged me too much money. 这个店主收了我很多钱。 - My brother was charged with stealing a car. 我哥被指控偷了一辆汽车。 - Does your truck battery charged easily? 你卡车的蓄电池容易充电吗? - The charge for a movie is $ 5. 电影票价是五美元。 - The park is under the charge of the city government. 这座公园由市政府管理。 [备考必背] ①辨析in charge of 和in/under the charge of 这两个词组都是“负责”的意思,与别在于:in charge of 表示“(某人)负责某事”,含有主动意义;in/under the charge of 则表示“某事/人由某人负责”,含有被动意义。比较下面的句子: - I was in charge of my brother. 我在照看我弟弟。 - My brother was in the charge of me. 我弟弟由我照看。 ②重要词组 take charge of 掌管,负责 - Tom will take charge of the company during the boss' absence. 老板不在期间由汤姆负责管理公司。 charge sb. with sth. = accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人…… - He charged her with stealing. 他指控她盗窃。
choice n. 选择;挑选的东西 [考点] 重要词组 have no choice but to do 只好,除……外别无选择 - You have no choice but to do the work. 你除了做这项工作没有别的选择。 make a choice 挑选,选择 - It's too hard to make a choice between the two dresses. 很难在这两件衣服中作选择。 [贴心叮咛] choice是choose的名词形式。它的词组在历届考试中屡见不鲜。
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