难点9  忽视不得的主谓一致

主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上须保持一致。道理虽然简单，但其牵涉到的要点繁多，出现的形式多样，并可以各种题型出现，故不可忽视。

●难点磁场
1.(★★★★)—Each of the students,working hard at his or her lessons________ to go to university.
—So do I.
A.hope    B.hopes    C.hoping    D.hoped
2.(★★★★★)Either you or the headmaster________ the prize for these gifted students at the meeting.              (北京2001二模)
A.is handing in        B.are to hand out
C.are handing in        D.is to hand out
3.(★★★★)A library with five thousand books________ to the nation as a gift.
A.is offered        B.has offered
C.are offered        D.have offered
4.(★★★★★)His family________ a big one.When I came to see him last night,his family________watching TV.
A.is;was    B.was;were   C.is;were    D.are;were
5.(★★★★★)The poor________ helped by government programs,________?
(2001武汉二模)
A.is;isn’t it         B.is;isn’t he
C.are;aren’t they        D.are;haven’t they
6.(★★★★)As a result of destroying the forest,a large________ of desert________ covered the land.                (2001上海高考)
A.number;has        B.quantity;has
C.number;have       D.quantity;have
7.(★★★★★)The teacher and writer________ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A.is     B.was    C.are    D.were
8.(★★★★)When and where to build the new factory________ yet.
A.is not decided        B.are not decided
C.has not decided        D.have not decided
9.(★★★★★)Many people say 10 000________ a lot of money.
A.dollar is   B.dollars are   C.dollars is   D.dollar are
10.(★★★★)The number of people invited________ fifty,but a number of them________ absent for different reasons.
A.were;was   B.was;was   C.was;were   D.were;were
11.(★★★★★)All that can be done________.
A.has been done        B.have been done
C.have done         D.has done
12.(★★★★★)More than one________ injured in the car accident.
A.have been   B.has been   C.are    D.have
13.(★★★★)Four-fifths of the workers here________ ________ workers.
A.is woman   B.are woman   C.are women   D.is women
14.(★★★★)To give________ to receive.
A.means    B.mean    C.is     D.are
15.(★★★★★)His “selected poems”________ in 1955.
A.were first published       B.was first published
C.have been first published      D.had been first published

●案例探究
1.More than________ of the workers________ from Paris.
A.ten percents;is        B.ten percent;are
C.three times;was        D.percents ten;comes
命题意图：考查分数、百分数的表示法及此时的主谓一致，本题属四星级题。
知识依托：分数或百分数+of+名词作主语时，谓语与of后的名词在数上保持一致。
错解分析：解该题时易误选A，误把百分之十作为整体处理，而没有考虑到是百分之十多的工人。此时所指为复数概念。
解题方法与技巧：与此情况类似的是表示部分和一定数量的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词也应与介词of后的名词保持数的一致。这些词有：

[some, all, most, half, a lot, the rest, lots, plenty, 分数,百分数]+of+名词  举例如下：

e.g.(1)Most of the money has been wasted.
(2)Every year,lots of damage is caused by fire.

但由：[a large quantity of, quantities of,a large amount of, amounts of]+名词作主语时谓语动词应由quantity 或amount的数而定

 例如：
(1)Quantities of food are wasted every day.
(2)Amounts of money were spent on this project.
（这两个词的用法是主谓一致中的难点，同时也是常考点）
答案：B
2.Not only I but also Mary and Jane ________ tired of having one examination after another.                   (NMET1989)
A.is     B.are    C.am    D.be
命题意图：考查主谓一致中的就近原则。本题属四星级题。
知识依托：由not only…but also连接并列主语时，谓语与最靠近的主语保持一致。
错解分析：本题易误选C，易误认为I 为主语，而实际上决定谓语单复数的是由Jane and Mary决定，应用就近原则，故排除C，同理排除A。
解题方法与技巧：熟记要点：
在英语中，主谓一致有三个原则：语法一致的原则，语意一致的原则和就近原则。此题是就近原则，所以答案为B。
答案：B
3.(★★★★★)Nobody but you________ what he said.  (全国重点中学大联考冲刺题)
A.agrees with   B.agrees out   C.agree with   D.agree to
命题意图：考查词组“同意……”和主语为nobody类的不定代词时，谓语单复数的确定，该题属五星级题。
知识依托：主语为nobody时谓语动词用单数，如果主语被but,as well as,with等短语修饰，谓语仍与主语的数保持一致。
错题分析：该题易误选C、D，选D的原因在于词组记忆不清，用介词to时之后应加具体项目。而选择C就在于误把you做为主语对待了。而实际上nobody才是主语。
答案：A
4.She is the only one among the________writers who________ stories for children.
A.woman;writes         B.women;write
C.women;writes         D.woman;write
命题意图：考查复合名词的单复数及从句中的主谓一致。本题属于五星级题。
知识依托：woman writer的复数为women writers，而定语从句中的谓语单复数是由先行词决定的，先行词为the only one。故答案为C。
错解分析：本题易误选B，误认为先行词为writers，而实际上由于one被the only修饰，故先行词是the only one，谓语应用单数。
解题方法与技巧：本题中我们可以了解，当考查定语从句中的谓语动词形式时，需首先分清楚所修饰的先行词是谁，单数还是复数概念，从而决定从句中谓语的单、复数形式。
eg.Mary is one of the students who were late for school.
Mary is the only one of the students who was late for school.
答案：C

●锦囊妙计
1.主谓一致有个三原则：语法一致，意义一致和就近原则，无论哪一种，重要的是分清一个句子中，哪是主语，主语是单数还是复数，分清题目属于哪种一致的情况，然后确定谓语形式。这里我们简单总结一下主谓一致中常见的原则：
(1)and连接两个名词，但表同一事物，谓语用单数。
eg.The writer and singer is my best friend.
(2)each、 either、 one、 the other及不定代词等作主语时，谓语常用复数。
eg.Everybody is here.
(3)由连词or、either…or、neither…nor、not only…but also等连接并列主语时及there be句式，There be句式中谓语动词应用就近原则。
eg.Neither you nor I am to blame.
(4)国名、人名、报纸名、书名等专有名词虽以-s结尾，形式上是复数，但谓语动词常用单数。
eg.The United States is a developed country.但以-s结尾的山脉、岛、瀑布等作主语时，谓语一般用复数。
eg.The philippines lie to the southeast of China.
(5)由each修饰的名词作主语，谓语用单数。
eg.Each student has an English-Chinese dictionary.
They each have an English-Chinese dictionary.
(6)表示时间、距离、钱、重量的名词作主语，若表示整体谓语用单数，但如强调具体数量，谓语则用复数。
eg.Five hundred miles is a long distance.
Twenty years have passed since he began to work here.
(7)表示数量的one and a half后面要用复数名词作主语时，其谓语要用单数形式。
(8)定冠词the+形容词/分词表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。
(9)表示成双成套的名词，如trousers,shoes,glasses, compasses等用作主语时谓语用复数。
eg.His black trousers are too long.
2.高考中主谓一致的考查一般不会单独考查，常与时态、语态及句式（如倒装句）等相结合考查，此时如不能准确判断，不妨结合其他要点共同确定正确答案。

●歼灭难点训练
1.Plastics________ many other materials.
A.has taken place of       B.has taken the place of
C.have taken place of       D.have taken the place of
2.The glass works________in 1980.
A.built    B.was built   C.were built   D.has been built
3.—Were all three people in the car accident injured in the accident?
—No,________ only the two passengers who got hurt.
A.it was    B.there is    C.it were    D.there were
4.A cart and horse________ in the distance.
A.were    B.see    C.are seen   D.was seen
5.No one but her parents________ it.
A.know    B.knows    C.is knowing   D.are knowing
6.The Olympic Games________ held every four years.
A.is     B.are    C.was    D.were
7.(★★★★★)Many a man________ come to help us.
A.have    B.has    C.is     D.are
8.(★★★★)The rich________ not always happy.
A.are    B.is     C.has    D.have
9.(★★★★)What you said________ quite to the point.
A.am    B.are    C.is     D.were
10.(★★★★★)Slow and steady________ the race.
A.win    B.wins    C.beats    D.beat
11.(★★★★★)A number of sheep________ died of a strange illness.
A.have    B.has    C.has been   D.have been
12.(★★★★)Tom said two and three________ five.
A.be     B.was    C.were    D.is
13.(★★★★★)One and a half bananas________ left on the table.
A.are    B.will be    C.being    D.is
14.(★★★★)This kind of books________ popular among the students.
A.is     B.are    C.being    D.have been
15.(★★★★★)I hope to buy such a bike as________ by John.
A.rides    B.is ridden   C.ridden    D.are ridden