难点12 至关重要的比较等级的比较对象及范围

形容词和副词常可译为“……的/地”，尤其在那些同义的形容词和副词中要区分他们的不同时，语意更易引起混乱；而由它们衍生出来的比较等级及其用法就更是英语学习中的难点之一了。考查该要点涉及到的题型也是多种多样的，单选、完形、阅读理解、改错、作文中都可见到它们的身影。

●难点磁场
1.(★★★★)The horse is getting old and can not run________ it did.(1998)
A.as faster as B.so fast than
C.so faster as D.as fast as
2.(★★★★★)Greenland,________ island in the world,covers over two million square kilometres. (上海2000)
A.it is the largest B.that is the largest
C.is the largest D.the largest
3.(★★★★★)You’ve standing too near the camera.Can you move________？
(上海2000高考)
A.a bit far B.a little farther
C.a bit of farther D.a little far
4.(★★★★)If we had followed his plan,we could have done the job,with________ money and________ people.
A.less;less B.fewer;fewer
C.less;fewer D.fewer;less
5.(★★★★)What a wonder!They’ve finished________35% of the task with in one month.
A.no more than B.not more than
C.no less than D.much less than
6.(★★★★★)He told us________ story.
A.the most interesting B.a very more interesting
C.a most interesting D.more interested
7.(★★★★★)His health is________.
A.as poor ,if not poorer than,his sister’s
B.as poor as,if not poorer than,his sister’s
C.poor as his sister’s ,if not poor
D.as poor,if not poorer than his sister
8.(★★★★)Jack’s________ brother is________ than he.
A.more old;elder B.elder;older
C.more old;more eld D.elder;younger
9.(★★★★)________the girls in the room,Rose is the friendliest.
A.From all B.All from
C.Of all D.All of
10.(★★★★★)I like English________ of all the subjects.
A.most B.best
C.better D.more

●案例探究
1.(★★★★★)It is much colder in winter in Beijing than________.
A.Shanghai B.in Shanghai
C.that in Shanghai D.it is
命题意图：本题考查同一事物在不同范围内的比较。属五星题。
知识依托：此时可用that代替该同一事物。
错解分析：本题易误选A，错误在于只考虑汉语意思“北京比上海冷”而没有想到所比较的应当为两地的天气。故应选C。
解题方法与技巧：这是一个容易忽略的问题，即比较级所比较的事物应是同一事物或同一类事物。在处理这类习题时，首先要分清哪个是主语即哪个是要比较的事物，然后注意在后一个比较状语从句中要出现该事物且成份与前半句相同。
答案：C

●锦囊妙计
1.我们这里所讲的比较级，即形容词、副词的比较等级。它可共分为三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。在应用过程中除了要掌握每个比较等级的构成方法、用法、表示的含义之外，还要注意比较等级中的特殊应用情况。其中比较的范围和对象就是其中最易引起误解的要点之一，通常情况下，比较的范围一致就需把主语排除在比较的事物外，如比较的范围不一致则不必再把主语排除在外了。例如：
China is larger than any other country in Asia.(范围一致）
China is larger than any country in Africa.(范围不一致）
比较时比较的对象要一致，不同的东西不可比较，例如：
The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.
该句中人口相比较，故后半句出现代词that。
China has a larger population than any other country in the world.
该句中国家与国家相比。
两句中比较的均为同一事物。
2.我们除了要掌握各比较等级的含义和用法外，更要善于去发现需要应用不同比较等级的关键词，例如than。同时语意上的比较倾向也是我们确定比较等级及最终检查的参考。

●歼灭难点训练
1.(★★★★)Of all the students in the class Jack spent the________ time and made the________ mistakes in the math exam.
A.fewest;least B.least;fewest
C.fewest;fewest D.least;least
2.(★★★★)Henry said he was feeling________that day.
A.much more B.a lot of cold
C.a lot good D.a lot better
3.(★★★★★)—Are you satisfied with her answer?
—Not at all.It couldn’t have been________.
A.worse B.so bad
C.better D.the worst
4.(★★★★★)If the manager has to choose between the two,he would say John was________ choice.
A.good B.the best
C.better D.the better
5.(★★★★★)It takes a long time to go there by train,it’s________ by road.
A.quick B.the quickest
C.much quick D.quicker
6.(★★★★★)If there were no examinations,we should have________ at school.
A.the happiest time B.a more happier time
C.much happiest time D.a much happier time
7.(★★★★★)How beautiful she sings!I have never heard________.
A.the better voice B.a good voice
C.the best voice D.a better voice
8.(★★★★★)It is a mistake to think that the earth is a bit________ from the sun in winter.
A.closer B.near
C.far D.farther
9.(★★★★)Mr.Smith has to travel more often than________ in his history.
A.else anyone B.anyone
C.anyone else D.nobody else
10.(★★★★★)Of the two toys,the child chose________.
A.the less expensive one B.the one most expensive
C.the least expensive D.the most expensive of them