难点29  结构分析亦奏效

做完形填空时，除了通读全文了解大意，理清逻辑，还要透析文意，对文章细节或句子结构进行分析，根据文章大意，仔细推敲，综合考虑，选中答案。考生往往忽视句子结构分析这一环节，失去机会，导致错误答案，孰不知结构分析亦奏效。
●难点磁场
1.(★★★★★) He wanted scissors.  51   do you suppose he asked for them?
(NMET 2002)
(51) A. What   B. How   C. Who   D.Which
2.(★★★★★)…and they said that they had even caught Yetis on two occasions though none has ever been produced as evidence. But ,  50  ,no evidence has been produced.
(NMET 2001)
(50) A. so   B. besides  C. again   D. instead
3.(★★★★★) Other times they begin to act without thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error.  28  , when all of these methods fail ,the person with a problem has to start analyzing.               (NMET 2001春季)
(28) A. Besides  B. Instead  C. Otherwise  D. However
4.(★★★★★)Someone had taken the real diamond and put a faulty one in its place. The question was: who   55  it?
(55) A. copied   B. made   C. stole   D. did

●案例探究
1.They   1   man with food, fuel for burning and building material in the form of wood.  2   trees it wound be impossible   3   houses, boats and even bridges.
(1) A. give   B. provide  C. need   D. take
(2) A. No    B. Unless   C. Without  D. Not having
(3) A. to build   B. to found  C. establish  D. set up
解析：这三个题都是必须通过结构分析来获得答案。
第1题选B。此题为四星级题。分析此句，能和with搭配使用的选项只有provide。“provide sb. with sth.”意为“给某人提供某物”。
第2题选C。此题为五星级题。从句意分析，此句中的would be是虚拟语气，表示“如果没有树，是不可能的”。而事实恰好与之相反，据此可知without trees含有条件意味，是介词短语作状语，如选A，No trees是名词短语，如选B，without后要接从句，所以A和B在语法上都不通。Not having trees只能作名词短语，表示原因，此处逻辑不通。
第3题选A。此题为五星级题。在It is impossible to do… 句型中，it是形式主语，to do不定式是真正主语，据此就可以排除C和D，build与found虽然都含有“建造”之意，但“found”是指（用基金等）创立或设立组织和机关等，如：found a school“创立学校”；build指“建造”具体的建筑物，如：build a school。
2.“It’s a faulty diamond”, he said.“It isn’t worth the high   47   I paid”. Then he told then the facts.
(47) A. cost   B. money   C. price   D. value
解析：此题选C。此题为五星级题。价格是论高低而言，I paid是该空的后置定语，只有money和price能作paid的宾语，所以high后只有选择price了。
3.Scientists are doing research on her ( a young chimpanzee黑猩猩). They want to see how civilized she can   43  . Already she does many things a human being can do.
(43) A. experience   B. change   C. develop   D. become
解析：此题选D。此题为五星级题。分析句子：“how civilized she can ________”是个感叹句, civilized是个形容词，选项中只有become可以后面用形容词构成系表结构。
4.But all of us are called upon daily to make a great many personal decisions.  45  the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket   46   turned over to the policeman? Should the extra change received at the store be forgotten or returned?       (NMET1996)
(45) A. Should   B. Must   C. Would   D. Need
(46) A. and   B. or   C. then   D. but
解析：第45题选A；第46题选B。两题均为五星级题。
这两题的答案应从句子结构分析入手，且两句要同时分析，下文中是should引导的一般疑问句，为“should… or…?”“应该……还是……?”而这两句是并列的两个内容，所以45、46就可轻而易举地获得答案。

●锦囊妙计
句子结构分析是完形填空做题中的其中一个有效的办法。句子结构分析应从句子入手，联系上下文，对于定语从句的关系副词和关系代词、状语从句的引导词、虚拟语气中的情态动词、助词及并列句中的表递进、转折关系的连词，及复合句中的连词及时态、语态往往是考虑的重点。

●歼灭难点训练
1.(★★★)If there were no trees   1   vegetation of some sort to hold   2  the soil with roots, heavy rains would wash way the rich surface soil so necessary for agriculture. The result is that the land becomes   3   and unproductive…
(1) A. and   B. or   C. as well as  D. either
(2) A. up    B. firmly   C. back   D. high
(3) A. useful   B. strong   C. beautiful  D. useless
2.(★★★★)Then the great day came   2   he was to march part the Palace in the parade.
(2) A. where   B. since   C. when   D. till
3.(★★★★)Since I happened to have read a book or two by the famous writer when Tom invited me to go with him I   4   accepted.
(3) A. gladly   B. sadly   C. had   D. was
4.(★★★)As the honoured guest had not yet arrived, I left Tom and went into the main reading room   5   a large crowed had already gathered.
(4) A. where   B. although  C. after   D. there
5.(★★★★)Some people left   5  about whether a black man could sing country music.
(5) A. unsure   B. curious  C. bad   D. excited
6.He searched every corner of his smaller cottage, until he could not pretend to himself   6  .
(6) A. any more  B. once more  C. no more  D. no longer
7.(★★★★★)Advertising can be a service to the customer. This is true   1  advertisement gives reliable information about the goods  2  .
(1) A. when   B. if    C. that   D. as
(2) A. advertising   B. advertised  C. advertise   D. bought
8.(★★★)So VOA invented a simpler kind of English,  8   was about 1 500 words and is spoken slowly. Of course ,it is special English.
(8) A. it    B. who   C. which   D. that
9.(★★★★★)The instructor then   9   that we find ways to make apologizes to people, or take some action to right any wrong doings.
(9) A. expected   B. suggested  C. ordered   D. demanded
10.(★★★★★)In any cases, it is important to know a great deal about the value of property —  10  the buyer may be cheated by agents.
(10) A. However   B. Otherwise  C. But    D. So