一、 be going to do……

1. 表示经过事先考虑与打算、按计划或安排将要发生的动作。例如：

（1）I ' m going to finish the report this afternoon.今天下午我将会写完这份报告。

（2）——What are you going to do when you grow up？长大以后你打算干什么？

——I ' m going to be a teacher. 我要当一名教师。

（3）I ' m going to sell this old car and buy a new one. 我准备卖掉这辆旧车，买辆新的。

2. 表示根据某种迹象推测出即将发生的动作。例如：

（1）Look at the dark clouds in the sky. It ' s going to rain. 瞧那天上的乌云，天要下雨了。

（2）Watch out！ We are going to crash！当心！我们要撞车了！

（3）There is going to be a lot of difficulty in doing this. 做这件事会有许多困难。

二、 will/shall do……

表示不涉及主语的主观意愿、单纯性的将要发生的动作，或者表示没有经过事先考虑，只是在说话时决定要去做某事。例如：

（1）I shall write him a letter tomorrow. 我明天将给他写一封信。

（2）Her elder sister will be thirty years old next month. 下个月她姐姐就30岁了。

（3）We are really lost. I ' ll stop to ask someone the way. 我们真地迷路了。我要停下来问问路。

三、 be doing……

表示最近按计划、安排即将发生的动作，它只限用于少数动词，如：play， have， sleep， wear等， 或表示位移的动词（短语），如：go， come， leave， start， begin， move， drive， fly（乘飞机），go off， get to， arrive， return， see off， stay， take（带走），take off（起飞）等，并常与表示将来时间的状语连用，如：tomorrow， next week， in a few days等。例如：

（1）We are having an English evening tonight. 今晚我们要开一个英语晚会。

（2）Jane and Betty are going on separate holidays in a few day ' s time. 简和贝蒂准备几天后各自去度假。

（3）Where are you spending your holidays this summer？今年夏天你将在哪里度假？

四、 动词的一般现在时

1. 用一般现在时表将来时间，通常强调根据规定或时刻表预计要发生的动作，并常与表示将来的时间状语连用。用于这种结构的动词有go， come， leave， begin， start， sail， arrive， meet， return等。例如：

（1）My plane leaves at seven. 我乘坐的（那）班（飞）机7点离港。

（2）When does the summer vacation begin？ 暑假什么时候开始？

（3）The ship sails within two days. 这艘船将在两天内起航。

2. 在由if， unless， even if等引导的条件状语从句和在由when， before， after， until， till， as soon as， by the time， each time， the moment， immediately等引导的时间状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来时间。例如：

（1）Unless you try， you will never succeed. 你若不尝试，就决不会成功。

（2）Next time I go there， I ' ll ask him about it. 下次我去那里时，我要问问他这件事。

（3）Please let me know immediately you get the results. 你一得到结果，就请马上告诉我。

五、 be to do……

表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作或打算要做某事。例如：

（1）The new Prime Minister is to speak on TV tonight. 新首相今晚将要发表电视讲话。

（2）The new railway is to be opened to traffic on National Day. 这条新铁路将在国庆节通车。

（3）We are to begin the experiment next month. 我们安排下个月开始这项试验。

六、 be about to do……

表示即将或马上要去做某事，不与具体的时间状语连用；也常与连词when构成“be about to do……when……”句式，意为“即将……（这时）突然……”，when相当于“and then， and just at that time.”例如：

（1）We are about to leave， so there is no time to visit him now.我们就要离开，所以现在没有时间去看他。

（2）Mr Cook was about to begin， but Jennie spoke first. 库克先生刚要开口，珍妮却先发言了。

（3）He was about to pick up the piece of paper when a gust of wind blew it away. 他正要把那张纸捡起来，突然一阵风把纸刮跑了。

七、 be on the point of doing……

表示马上要发生的事情，意思接近于“be about to do……”或“be just going to do……”。例如：

（1）Three times during that day we were on the point of giving up. 那一天，我们有三次快要放弃不干了。

（2）I was on the point of telephoning you when you came back. 我正要给你打电话，你就回来了。

高考试题精彩回放：

1. （上海 2001）In such dry weather， the flowers will have to be watered if they ____.

A. have survied B. are to survive

C. would survive D. will survive

2. （NMET 2001春）I ' ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I ____my mum.

A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken

3. （NMET 2000）——You ' ve left the light on.

——Oh， so I have. ____ and turn it off.

A. I ' ll go B. I ' ve gone C. I go D. I ' m going

4. （上海春季 2002）It___long before we ___the result of the experiment.

A. will not be； will know B. is； will know

C. will not be； know D. is； know

5. （NMET 1994）——Can I join your club， Dad？

——You can when you ___a bit older.

A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got

6. （MET 1990） The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she ____.

A. will arrive B. arrives

C. is going to arrive D. is arriving

7. （上海 2002）He was about to tell me the secret ___someone patted him on the shoulder.

A. as B. until C. while D. when

8. （上海 2002）He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ____ from the university next year.

A. will graduate B. will have graduated

C. graduates D. is to graduate

9. （北京春季 2003）——When will you come to see me， Dad？

——I will go to see you when you ____the training course.

A. will have finished B. will finish

C. are finishing D. finish

Key： 1——5 BAACA 6-9 BDCD