诊断练习：
1. A computer can only do ________ you have instructed it to do.(NMET  2001)
A. how            B. after              C. what             D. when
2. —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week..
—Is that _________ you had a few days off ? (NMET  99)
A. why            B. when             C. what            D. where
3. I hate __________ when people talk with their mouths full.(NMET  98)
A. it              B. that               C. these            D. them
4.---Do you remember __________ he came?
  ---Yes, I do, he came by car.
  A. how         B. when           C. that        D. if
5.Go and get your coat. It's ____ you left it.
  A. there       B. where       C. there where    D. where there
6.It is generally considered unwise to give a child __________ he or  she  wants.
  A. however       B. whatever       C. whichever     D. whenever
7.Can you tell me __________ ?
  A. who is that woman            B. who the woman is
  C. whom is the woman           D. that woman is
8. I don't doubt________ my friend, John will come to China soon.
   A. that         B. whether        C. if          D. when
9. I know nothing about her but __________ she is from Canada.
   A. how        B. when          C. that       D. why
10.It depends on __________ we have enough time.
   A. if         B. if or not      C. that       D. whether
11. The reason _________ nothing on earth is motionless is ___________ the earth is in constant motion(运动).
   A. why; that      B. that; why      C. of; that       D. that; because
12.---I believe _____you've done your best and _____ things will happen.
   ----Thank you.
  A. That; /           B./; /          C. what; that       D./; that
13.Please give the book to ____ wins the first prize.
   A. who            B. whom       C. whoever        D. whomever
14.A man's worth lies not so much in ______  he has as in _______  he is.
   A. that; what   B. what; what   C. that; that    D. what; that
15.The gentleman insisted that he _______ the wallet.
   A. hadn’t seen  B. not see     C. would not see  D. did not see

基本用法：
▲名词性从句的功能相当于名词，根据其在句中充当的成分可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是高考英语的重点考查内容之一，掌握其常见考点对提高应试技能很有益处。
▲名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。
▲that的用法。
①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。如：
That they are good at English is known to us all.
The problem is that we don’t have enough money.
She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.
②宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；（B）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如：
He judged that, because he was a child, he did not understand wine.
Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
③that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。
(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that… （B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...（C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that … （D）It seems/happens that。如：
It happened that I went out last night.      
It is said that China will win in the World Cup.
④that和what的区别。
that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不以当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词 + 关系代词，即常说的先行词 + that。如：
It’s shame that he has made such a mistake.
Do what he says.
⑤同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。
同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which.同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。如：
They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句)
The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.（定语从句）
▲when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。如：
They put forward the question where they could get the money.
This is the place where the accident happened.
▲名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致
（1）宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：
Hello, I didn’t know you were in London. How long have you been here?
The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.
（2）主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：
When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.
When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.
When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.

高考常见考点：
一、陈述句语序问题：名词性从句必须用陈述句的语序。
e.g. I didn't know what ____with her. 
A. was the matter  B. is the matter  C. matter  D. the matter is               【A】
二、what 和 that 的区别：在名词性从句中 what 可以做主语、宾语或表语； that不做成分。
e.g. ①China isn't ____she used to be.  A. that  B. what  C. where  D. how      【B】
②____they won the game was ____we had expected.
       A. That; which  B. Whether; that  C. That; where  D. That; what          【D】
三、形式主语和形式宾语it的用法：在英语中只有 it 可以做形式宾语，this/that 不行。 e.g. Don't take it for granted that he will help us. He makes it a rule that he gets up early every
    morning.
四、在某些动词，如think, expect, suppose, believe, guess等后的宾语从句中，如果是否定形式，其否定副词not要提前到主句谓语动词上。
e.g. I don't think he is honest. I don't believe he can do it alone.

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