考点1 人称代词主格与宾格的用法
(1)人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语。
【真题再现】(1)My grandma still treats me like a child. She can’t imagine ______ grown up. (2006重庆)
A. my                   B. mine　　          C. myself              D. me
解析：由语境可知“她没想到我已成年了””，应当用宾格me作imagine的宾语；短语形容词grown up(成熟的，成年的)作宾补。答案是D。
(2)Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting, addressed ______ to______ and then posted it at the nearby post office．(2006安徽)
A. it; her                      B. it; herself          C. herself; her       D. herself; herself
解析：由address sth. to sb. (在信件或包裹上写上收件人的姓名及地址)可知，Catherine在买来的明信片上写上她自己的姓名及地址。答案是B。
(3)I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately ______couldn’t spare me even one minute. (2004重庆)
       A. they                  B. one                   C. who                  D. it
解析：句中a friend (=one of my friends) 泛指我的朋友中的任何一个，代替名词my friends，且在but后的并列句中作主语用they。答案是A。
(4)—Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.
   —Why_____? John is sitting there doing nothing. (2003全国)
A. him                   B. he                   C. I                       D. me
解析：感叹疑问句或省略句中用人称代词的宾格。
答案是D
提示：下列情况也用宾格：
①在be后作表语。
—Who is it? —It’s me. —谁？—是我呀。
②在单独使用或带not的简略回答中。如：
—Who broke the cup? —谁打破了杯子？
—Me! (Not me!)—我！(不是我！) 
—I like swimming. —我喜欢游泳。
—Me too. —我也是。
③在感叹疑问句中做主语，以引起强调。如：
—You can tell him. —你可以告诉他。
—Me tell him? Not likely！—我告诉他？不可能！
④在下列之类的祈使句中：
He’s got to repay the money—poor him.他得偿还这笔钱——可怜的他呀！
考点2 名词性和形容词性物主代词的用法
形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语，名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与of连用作后置定语，但不能作定语。
【真题再现】(5)Some of the stamps belong to me, while the rest are _____. (2004上海春)
A. him and her              B. his and hers              C. his and her        D. him and hers
解析：在句中作表语，指“他的邮票和她的邮票”用his and her (=his stamps and her stamps)。答案是B。
(6)—Is your camera like Bill’s and Ann’s?
      —No, but it’s almost the same as ______. (1994全国)
A. her                B. yours               C. them              D. their
解析：与it(=my camera)相比的应是your camera，与“形容词性物主代词+名词”相当的应是名词性物主代词，yours=your camera。答案是B。
(7) The boy promised _____mother never to lie to _____again. (1991年)
A. his, him             B. her, her             C. her, him            D. his, her
解析：形容词性物主代词his作mother的定语；宾格人称代词her作介词to的宾语。答案是D。
(8)Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of _____. (1990全国)
      A. their               B. theirs                C. her                  D. hers
解析：of要与名词性物主代词一起作定语，排除A和C；又因Kate and her sister是复数，排除D。答案是B。
       (9)—Whose room is that?
       —It's_______ (1982全国)
       A. my               B. ours                  C. my brothers    D. of my brother
       解析：从语境看，答语应当是指“某人的房间”，只有选项B能表达此意，ours=our room。答案是B。
       (10)His camera is more expensive than ________. (1989全国)
       A. hers            B. her             C. it               D. its
       解析：与his camera作比较的应是“她的照相机”，用hers (=her camera)。答案是A。
       (11)Is her hair shorter than ________?(1981全国)
       A me             B. my                     C. mine             D. I
       解析：与her hair相比较的应是my hair，应用名词性物主代词是mine (=my hair)。答案是C。
考点3 反身代词的用法
反身代词在句中可以作enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等动词和by, for, to等介词的宾语，还可以作主语或宾语的同位语，可译作“亲自，本人”，但不能作主语。
【真题再现】(12)—Who called me this morning when I was out?(2006福建21)
—A man calling ______ Robert.
A. him                  B. himself                    C. his                   D.不填
解析：考查反身代词。因为“call sb./oneself+某名”就是“叫某人/自称某名字”；句意是“一个自称罗伯特的人”，用himself。答案是B。
(13)You will find as you read fiats book that you just can’t keep some of these stones to ______. You will want to share them with a friend. (2005湖南)
A. itself              B. yourself           C. himself            D. themselves  
解析：主语是you，要用yourself；to oneself是习语，指某人“独自享用，不与他人共享”。答案是B。
       (14)My daughter often makes a schedule to get ______ reminded of what she is to do in the day. (2005上海春)
       A. herself                     B. her                    C. she                   D. hers
       解析：句意是：“我女儿经常制定日程表，以便让她自自己知道这一天要干什么。”答案是A。
(15)Tom felt that he knew everybody’s business better than they knew it______. (1996全国)
     A. themselves        B. oneself             C. itself                D. himself
解析：能与they相呼应，并作they的同位语的，用反身代词themselves。答案是A。
提示：请留意意含oneself的短语。如：(1) be oneself身体正常；(2)Make yourself at home! 别客气！(3)make yourself understood 使你的话被人理解。
考点4 指示代词的用法
指示词有this, that, these, those等。注意以下4点：
(1) this, these是时间或空间上的“近指”，可与here连用；that, those是时间或空间上的“远指”，可与there连用。
(2) 指上文提到的事一般用that，有时也用this，指下文的事只能用this。
(3) 打电话时，用this来介绍自己，用that来问对方，不用I或you。
(4) this和that还可表示程度，意为“如此，那么”，相当于so，作状语。
       【真题再现】(16)—He was nearly drowned once.
       —When was ______?
    —_____was in 1998 when he was in middle school. (2002北京春)
       A. that; It             B. this; This                C. this; It             D. that; This
解析：指上文提到的事多用that；后空是强调结构的简略式，完整的句是It was in was in 1998 when he was in middle school that he was nearly drowned once.其中when he was in middle school是定语从句。答案是A。
(17)Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasn’t always ______ much to do. (2004广东)
A. such                B. that               C. more              D. very
解析：much前用so, 不用such。口语中，常用that来代替so。答案是B。
考点5 疑问代词的意义和用法
疑问代词有what, which, who, whom, whose等。用法要点如下：
1. what除可用来询问人的身份外，一般指物；which可指人也可指物；who, whom, whose一般指人。
【真题再现】(18)The mother didn’t know ______to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.  (2002全国)
A. who               B. when              C. how                       D. what
解析：blame(责备)是及物动词，缺宾语，责备的应是打碎玻璃的人，该用who。答案是A。
       2. 没有一定的范围时，用what，意为“什么”；有一定范围时，用which，意为“(其中的)哪一个”。
       (19)There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind ______to buy. (1992全国)
A. what               B. which             C. how                       D. where
解析：buy缺宾语，排除副词C和D；表示在一定范围中不知买哪能一种，用which。答案是B。
考点6 表示两者和多者的不定代词的比较
1. 表示两者“都”用both，表示两者“都不”用neither，表示两者中的“任一”用either。
       (20)If you can’t decide which of the two books to borrow, why don’t you take ______? I won’t read them this week. (2006浙江)
       A. all                     B. any                   C. either                D. both
       解析：由前后语境来看，应是建议对方将两本书都拿去看。答案是D。
       (21)You may drop in or just give me a call. ______ will do．(2006安徽)
       A. Either               B. Each                C. Neither             D. All
       解析：由前句可知是指两者中的“任何一个”，用either。答案是A。
       (22)—Which driver was to blame?
       —Why, _________! It was the child’s fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars. (2006北京)
       A. both           B. each                  C. either                       D. neither
       解析：由后文It was the child’s fault, clear and simple.可知，应答者认为“两个司机都不应负责”，用neither。答案是D。
      (23)There are two windows in the room. They ________face south. (1980全国)
       A. all               B. both              C. each              D. either
       解析：指“两者都”用both。答案是B。
       (24)I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _____of them answered it. (2005福建)
       A. either                B. none                 C. neither                     D. nobody
       解析：由my parents可知是指两者，由To my disappointment可知，两个中一个也没接电话。答案是C。
(25)We asked John and Jerry, but _____of them could offer a satisfactory explanation. (2005北京春)
       A. either                B. none                 C. both                  D. neither
解析：由but可知，John 和Jerry“两者都不”。 答案是D。
       (26)I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but ______ of them came. (2004北京)
       A. neither                     B. either                C. none                 D. both
       解析：因为指Joe和Linda两个人，排除C；又由but可知，她们两个人一个也没来，所以选neither。答案是A。
       (27)Both teams were in hard training, ______ was willing to lose the game.(2001上海)
       A. either                B. neither               C. another             D. the other
       解析：“两队都在努力训练”当然是“两队都不愿输”，表示“两者都不”用neither答案是B。
(28)－Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?
    －I’m afraid ______day is possible. (1998全国)
    A. either                      B. neither              C. some               D. any
解析：由I’m afraid可知，Monday和Tuesday两天都不行。答案是B。
       (29)－Are the two answers correct?
       －No, ________correct. (1986全国)
       A. no one is       B. both are not              C. neither is        D. either is not
解析：由two和No可知“两个答案都不对”，no one(=nobody)只能指人，排除A；both are not correct是部分否定，意为“并非两者都对(即一对一错)”，与no矛盾，排除B；英语中有not…either(=neither)的说法，但不能说either…not，排除D；表示完全否定“两者都不”用neither。答案是C。
(30)－There’s coffee and tea; you can have _____. 
－Thanks. (2003全国)
    A. either                B. each                  C. one                   D. it
解析：指coffee和tea两者中的“任何一种”用either。答案是A。
(31)－Do you want tea or coffee?
     －______.I really don’t mind. (2000北京春)
      A. Both                B. None              C. Either               D. Neither
解析：由上文tea or coffee可知，是指两者；由I really don’t mind 可知，这两种饮料中的“任何一种”都行。答案是C。
(32)－Shall I sit at this end of the boat or the other end?
       －If you keep still, you can sit at ________end. (1987全国)
       A. neither          B. each                  C. either            D. any
       解析：boat应当是两端，表示“你可坐在任一端”，“(两者中的)任一”是either。
       答案是C
2. 表示多者“都”用all，表示多者“都不”用none，表示多者中的“任一”用any。
(33)Of all the books on the desk,   ______ is of any use for our study. (2006四川) 
       A. nothing         B. no one          C. neither                            D. none
       解析：考查不定代词。由all可知，是指三者或三者以上，排除C；nothing(没一样东西)与这里谈到的“书”毫无联系，排除A；no one =nobody(没有一个人)只能指人，也错了；指多者中“一个也没有，没有一个”用none。句中of any use=useful，在句中作表语。句意是“在桌上的所有这些书中，没有一本书对我们的学习有用。”答案是D。
(34)I had to buy _____these books because I didn’t know which one was the best. (2004上海)
       A. both                  B. none                 C. neither                     D. all
解析：后文的best是最高级，可见至少有三本，排除A和C；none不能作定语，要说none of…答案是D。
(35)We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for ______. (2004浙江)
      A. none             B. either            C. any               D. each
解析：由three可知是指三套工具中的“任一套”。答案是C。
       (36)—Which of the three ways shall I take to the village?
       —_____way as you please. (2004福建)
       A. Each                 B. Every                C. Any                  D. Either
       解析：关键词是three。表示三者或三以上的“任一”，用any；表示两者中的“任一”，才用either。答案是C。
       (37)Mr Alcott, headmaster of the school, refused to accept______ of the three suggestions made by the Students’ Union. (2000上海春)
       A. either            B. neither           C. any                 D. none
       解析：由three可知是三者，指三者中的任一，用any。答案是C。
       (38)－When shall we meet again?
       －Make it ________day you like; it's all the same to me. (1996全国)
       A. one                 B. any               C. another                   D. some
       解析：指“你喜欢的任何一天”，表示“(多者中的)任一”用any。答案是B。
       (39)They were all very tired, but ______of them would stop to take a rest. (1995全国)
       A. any              B. some           C. none           D. neither
解析：由all可知是三者或三者以上，由but可知是“没有一个人”愿停下来休息。答案是C。
       (40)______ but fools will believe what he said. (1992上海)
       A. None                B. Nothing            C. Anything          D. Everything
解析：句意是：“除了白痴没有一个人会相信他讲的话。”答案是A。
       (41)Canada is larger than ______ country in Asia. (1991全国)
       A. any              B. any other         C. other           D. another
解析：“加拿大比亚洲任何一个国家都大。”表示三者以上中的“任一”用any；Canada不属亚洲，不用other。答案是A。
3. none可指人或物，一般要接表示范围的of短语，可回答how many；而no one只能指人(=nobody)，不能接of短语，可回答who。另外，none可指后文的不可数名词，表示“毫无”。
(42)Some people would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has _____of the trouble of taking buses. (1996上海)
A. nothing            B. none                 C. some             D. neither
解析：由句意“有些人宁愿骑自行车，因为骑自行车没有乘公共汽车那样的麻烦。”可排除选项C；the trouble是不可数名词，怎么会有两者或几者呢？排除选项D；nothing意为“什么也没有”，意义不通，排除A；答案是B。
       (43)______of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret. (1990全国)
       A. Each            B. Any                  C. No one        D. None
       解析：“因为是秘密所以没有人知道那个计划。”而no one又不能与of短语连用。答案是D。
       (44)We couldn't eat in a restaurant because ________of us had ________money on us. (1991全国)
       A. all; no            B. any; no              C. none; any       D. no one; any
解析：选项A的all…no是部分否定，意为“并非都没有钱”，也就可以在餐馆吃饭；英语中没有any…no/ not搭配，排除B；no one不与of短语连用，排除D。答案是C。
       (45)As we were asleep, ________of us heard the sound. (1987全国)
       A. both             B. none                 C. all              D. any
       解析：“因为我们睡着了，所以我们没有一个人听到了声音。”答案是B。
      (46) ______of them understood the old foreigner. (1982全国)
       A. Someone         B. Anyone             C. None             D. Nobody
       解析：选项中能与of短语连用的只有none。答案是C。
4. all单独使用，或者后接一个定语从句，或者前面有物主代词时，意为everything或the only thing(s)。
(47)That’s an unpleasant thing to say about your father after______ he’s done for you. (2004四川)
      A. something         B. anything            C. all                    D. that
解析：句意应是“在你父亲为你付出这一切之后，你这样说他，这是件不愉快的事。”表示付出“一切”“所有”应当用all (=everything)；he’s done for you是定语从句，修饰all。答案是C。
(48)It is easy to do the repair. _____you need is a hammer and some nails. (2004天津)
A. Something       B. All                   C. Both               D. Everything
解析：句意是“你只需要锤子和钉子”；选all，其后接you need，表示“唯一的事物(=the only thing)”。答案是B。
       (49)—You're always working. Come on, let's go shopping.
       —______you ever want to do is going shopping. (2002春)
       A. Anything           B. Something         C. All                    D. That
       解析：受一定语从句修饰，表示the only thing的只有all。答案是C。

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