词   法

冠词、不定冠词

★要点：● 对于the与a, an的理解（弄请“特指”与“泛指”）
● 牢记常见固定搭配（词组 / 短语）
● 牢记只能用the或只能用零冠词的几种情况
◇例题：1. A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in _____ leg.（2001年）
A. a B. one C. the       D. his
2. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _____ good knowledge of basic word information.（2002年）
A. / B. the C. a        D. one
3. I earn 10 dollars _____ hour as _____ supermarket cashier on Sundays.（2003年）
A. a, an B. the, a C. an, a     D. an, the

名 词

★要点：● 常用的修饰名词，表示名词数量的词组辨析
        ● 一些常见名词的不规则单复数变化
        ● 名词的所有格 (’s / of) 及双重所有格 (of +’s)
        ● 名词的单复数与谓语的关系
        ● 名词修饰名词
◇例题：1. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _____ of desert _____ covered the land.
         （2001年）
A. number, has       B. quantity, has   C. number, have   D. quantity, have
2. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _____ pictures of them. （2003年）
A. large amount of B. masses of     C. the number of   D. many of

代 词

★要点：● 人称代词（主格 / 宾格）、物主代词、反身代词
        ● 指示代词（it, that, this）的用法
           •it的用法：指代上文中的物或事；用作表示年份、时间、季节、气候的主语；
用作形式主语或形式宾语
           •that 在同类事物的比较句中的用法
        ● 不定代词：• another, other(s), the others
                     • both, either, neither, all, none
                     • one, some, any, many, much, (a)few, (a)little
                     • each, every
        ● 复合不定代词：（与形容词的位置关系）-thing, -one, -body
◇例题：1. Both team were in hard training; _____ was willing to lose the game. （2001年）
A. either B. neither C. another D. the other
2. Shanghai is really a nice city and we decided to stay for _____ two weeks. （2003年）
A. another B. other C. the other D. other’s
3. I had to buy ____ these books since I didn’t know which one was the best. （2004年）
A. both        B. none C. neither         D. all
4. No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of _____. （2005年）
A. either B. the other C. others D. another

数 词

★要点：● 分数、时间、编码的用法
        ● hundred, thousand, million, billion, score, dozen + s + of表示数量多
        ● 表示数量单位的词作定语的用法

形容词•副词

★要点：● 形容词在句中的位置（前置定语 / 后置定语 / 表语）
        ● 多个形容词的排序
        ● 形容词与副词的转换（-ly）
        ● 副词在句中的位置（动词的前后）
        ● 常用程度副词的辨析：very, much, (by)far, quite, rather, fairly, too, so, such, enough, badly, much too, almost, nearly, hardly, that, this…
        ● 形容词与副词的比较级与最高级：
           •不规则变化； •比较级的修饰词； •降级比较； •比较级表示最高级；
•as…as的用法（倍数的位置）；     •the more…the more的用法；
•no+比较级+than与not+比较级+than的用法辨析
◇例题：1. In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the farther we go, __________. （2001年）
A. our holiday will be better B. our holiday will be the better
C. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be
2. As I know, there is _____ car in this neighborhood. （2001年）
A. no such B. no a C. not such D. no such a
3. As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, _____. （2002年）
A. the more for life are you equipped  B. the more equipped for life you are
C. the more life you are equipped for  D. you are equipped the more for life
4. The house rent is expensive. I have got about half the space I had at home and I’m paying _____ here. （2003年）
A. as three times much B. as much three times
C. much as three times D. three times as much
5. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _____ a native speaker. （2004年）
A. as fluent as  B. more fluent than
C. so fluently as D. much fluently than
6. At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _____ Great Britain. （2005年）
A. three times the size as B. the size three times of
C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of

动 词

★要点：● 连系动词的语法功能：（+表语）
        ● 延续动词和瞬间动词的转化
        ● 情态动词的用法：can, may, must, need, dare, shall, should, ought to
        ● ＊情态动词+have done的用法
        ● 动词的时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、
现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来进行时、
将来完成时、现在完成进行时）
        ● 动词的语态：（注意：用主动表被动的情况）
●＊动词虚拟语气
◇例题：1. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _____. （2001年）
A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survive    D. will survive
2. –Will you go skiing with me this winter vacation?   –It _____. （2002年）
A. is all depended B. all depends C. is all depending    D. all depend
3. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _____ from the university next year. （2002年）
A. will graduate B. will have graduated 
C. graduates    D. is to graduate
4. I feel it is your husband who _____ for the spoiled child. （2002年）
A. is to blame   B. is going to blame  
C. is to be blamed   D. should blame
5. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he ____it. （2003年）
A. doesn’t mention  B. hadn’t mentioned
C. didn’t mention  D. hasn’t mentioned
6. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945 and their power _____ increased enormously ever since. （2004年）
A. is          B. was        C. has been       D. had been
7. The number of deaths form heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _____ to eat more fruit and vegetables. （2004年）
A. persuade            B. will persuade 
C. be persuaded   D. are persuaded
8. More than a dozen students in that school _____ abroad to study medicine last year.
 （2005年）
A. sent B. were sent C. had sent      D. had been sent

        ● 非谓语动词的用法：
           •理解非谓语的概念、基本形态（doing, done, to do）及时态变化
           •非谓语动词做主语（it做形式主语；动名词的复合结构）
           •非谓语动词做表语
           •非谓语动词做宾语（it做形式宾语；部分动词+doing与+to do的辨析；
动名词的复合结构；动词不定式做宾语时的省略）
           •非谓语动词做宾语补足语（动词不定式做部分动词的宾补时“to”的省略以及在被动句中“to”的还原）
           •非谓语动词做定语（-ing和-ed分词的辨析）
           •非谓语动词做状语（分词结构的逻辑主语和主句的逻辑主语一致）
◇例题：1. The bell _____ the end of the class rang, _____ our heated discussion. （2001年）
A. indicating, interrupting B. indicated, interrupting
C. indicating, interrupted D. indicated, interrupted
2. Finding her car stolen, _______. （2001年）
A. a policeman was asked to help         B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it was looked for everywhere          D. she hurried to a policeman for help
3. I really appreciate _____ to relax with you on this nice island. （2001年）
A. to have had time B. having time    C. to have time   D. to having time
4. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _____. （2001年）
A. he’d like to collect coins as well        B. he feels like collecting coins, too
C. to collect coins is also his hobby        D. collecting coins also pleases him
5. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving _____ their products more competitive. （2002年）
A. to make B. making C. to have made  D. having made
6. Quite a few people used to believe that disaster ___if a mirror was broken. （2002年）
A. was sure of striking  B. was sure of having struck
C. was sure to be struck  D. was sure to strike
7. Though _____ money, his parents managed to send him to university. （2002年）
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking       D. lacked in
8. Don’t use words, expressions or phrases_____only to people with specific knowledge. （2002年）
A. being known B. having known C. to be known   D. known
9. _____ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin. （2002年）
A. Exposed   B. Having exposed
C. Being exposed  D. After being exposed
10. The discovery of new evidence led to _____. （2003年）
A. the thief having caught  B. catch the thief
C. the thief being caught  D. the thief to be caught
11. Generally speaking, when _____ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. （2003年）
A. taking B. taken C. to take       D. to be taken
12. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____ clear warning before firing any shots. （2003年）
A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued  D. to be issued
13. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _____ road conditions need _____. （2003年）
A. that, to be improved  B. which, to be improved
C. where, improving  D. when, improving
14. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week _____ TV.
   （2004年）
A. to watch         B. to watching C. watching    D. watch
15. The flu is believed _____ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. （2004年）
A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused   D. be have caused
16. The flowers _____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. （2004年）
A. to smell          B. smelling       C. smelt          D. to be smelt
17. The disc, digitally _____ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party. （2004年）
A. recorded          B. recording      
C. to be recorded D. having recorded
18. Having been attacked by terrorists, _____. （2004年）
A. doctors cane to their rescue B. the tall building collapsed
C. an emergency measure was taken       D. warnings were given to tourists
19. –English has large vocabulary, hasn’t it?
–Yes, _____ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate. （2004年）
A. Know           B. Knowing        C. To know       D. Known
20. He got well prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk _____ the good opportunity. （2005年）
A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost    D. being lost
21. _____ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. （2005年）
A. Put B. Putting         C. Having put   D. Being put
22. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _____ a look at the sports stars. （2005年）
A. had B. having          C. to have       D. have
23. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _____ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. （2005年）
A. taking B. taken C. having taken   D. being taken
24. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _____ down to eat our picnic lunch. （2005年）
A. sitting B. having sat       C. to sit     D. sat

介 词

★要点：● 牢记固定的介词词组
        ● 准确把握重要介词的用法
        ● 辨析意义相近的介词
◇例题：1. The sunlight came in _____ the windows in the roof and lit up the room. （2001年）
A. through B. across C. on D. over
2. Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain _____ an inch. （2002年）
A. by B. at C. to D. from
3. The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _____ the wildlife in the area. （2003年）
A. in B. on C. at D. with
4. The accident is reported to have occurred _____ the first Sunday in February.
（2004年）
A. at              B. on             C. in              D. to
5. John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School _____ the beginning of March. 05 （2005年）
A. on B. for C. with D. at

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