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Saddam Hussein 萨达姆·侯赛因

作者:admin    新闻来源:www.51education.net    点击数:    更新时间:2007-1-1    

 


Political Leader 政治家
Saddam Hussein was dictator of Iraq from 1979 until 2003, when his regime was overthrown by a United States-led invasion. Hussein had joined the revolutionary Baath party while he was a university student. He launched his political career in 1958 by assassinating a supporter of Iraqi ruler Abdul-Karim Qassim. Saddam rose in the ranks after a Baath coup, and by 1979 he was Iraq's president and de facto dictator. He led Iraq through a decade-long war with Iran, and in August of 1990 his forces invaded the neighboring country of Kuwait. A U.S.-led alliance organized by George Bush (the elder) ran Hussein's forces out of Kuwait in the Gulf War, which ended in February of 1991 with Saddam still in power. In 2002 Hussein came under renewed pressure from George W. Bush, the son of the first President Bush. In March of 2003, Hussein's regime was overthrown by an invasion of U.S. and British forces. Hussein disappeared, but U.S. forces captured him on 13 December 2003 after finding him hiding in a small underground pit on a farm near the town of Tikrit. Late in 2005 he went on trial in Iraq for the 1982 deaths of over 140 men in the town of Dujail. On 5 November 2006 he was convicted and sentenced to death by hanging, triggering an automatic appeal that is pending at this writing.

萨达姆侯赛因是伊拉克自上世纪1979年到本世纪2003年的独裁统治者,其独裁统治被以美国为首的入侵伊拉克终结。侯赛因在他还是大学学生的时候就曾参加当时在伊拉克执政复兴党革命。他的政治生涯开始于1958年,这年他将伊拉克统治者的一名拥护者刺杀。在随后的复兴党政变后,萨达姆声名鹊起,并且在1979年时他成为了伊拉克的总统即伊拉克的独裁者。此后,由他带领的伊拉克开始了与伊朗长达10余年的战争,并且在1990年8月,开始了对其邻国科威特的战争袭击。在海湾战争中,英美联军将萨达姆的军队从科威特驱逐出境,1991年2月战争结束,萨达姆依然掌权。在2002年,萨达姆继续受到来自乔治•W•布什—老布什之子的威胁。2003年3月,美英联军攻打伊拉克,萨达姆政权垮台。萨达姆开始了流亡生活,在2003年的12月13日美国军方将藏匿在提克里特(Tikrit)镇的一个农场地下室里的萨达姆抓获。在2005年的晚些时候,萨达姆因在1982年屠杀杜贾尔村140名平民而接受审讯。在2006年11月5日,他被证明有罪并处以绞刑。

Extra credit: Before the 1991 Gulf War, Hussein threatened that if international forces led by the United States attacked Iraq, it would be "the mother of all wars," giving rise to a multi-purpose catchphrase: "the mother of all (fill in the blank)"... The U.S. effort in the Gulf War was directed by the elder George Bush and the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Colin Powell; Powell later became Secretary of State under Bush's son George W. Bush... Hussein's sons Uday and Qusay were killed by U.S forces in the northern town of Mosul in July of 2003... Saddam Hussein is no relation to King Hussein, the late ruler of Jordan.

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