le. 火车准时到达。
特定时间和“一……就”，左右on 后动名词
例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling. 气体加热时膨胀，冷却时收缩。(特定时间)
On entering the room, he found his friends dancing in high spirits. 一进屋，他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞。
On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang. 一到城里他就给老杨打了一个电话。
I‘ll write to him on hearing from you. 我接到你的来信就给他写信。(一……就)
以及on the left, right 向左向右，on the stair 在台阶上等。
步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage 用in
例：On foot 步行; on horse骑马; on donkey 骑驴。
He rode on, blood flowing from his side. 他骑着马，鲜血从腰部流下来。
The soldier of the Eighth Route Army rode 100 li on a horse a day in order to catch up with his unit. 为赶上
部队，那位八路军战士骑马日行百里。
Go on horse back! 骑马去！
You are having me on! 你和我开玩笑呢!
in cab和in carriage 不能用on 或by cab或carrige。
at 山脚、门口在当前，速、温、日落价核心
即在山脚下、在门口、在目前，速度、以……速率、温度、在日落时、在……核心要用at。
例：At the foot of the mountain, there are thirty of our comrades. 在山脚下，有我们30 个同志。
There is a beautiful lake at the foot of the hill. 山脚下有一个美丽的湖。
At the gate of the house there are many children playing glassball. 门口有一大群孩子在玩玻璃球。
Who‘s standing there at the door? 谁站在门口?
I don‘t need the dictionary at present. 我现在还不需要这本词典。
He is at present in Washington. 他目前正在华盛顿。
The train runs at fifty kilometres an hour. 火车每小时行驶50 公里。
we built the plant at top speed and minimun cost. 我们以最低的投资，最高的速度修建了该工厂。
at home 在国内，在家里
at ten degrees centigrade 在摄氏10 度
at minus ten degrees centigrade 摄氏零下10 度
Water freezes at 0°centigrade. 水在镊氏零度结冰。
Water usually boils at 100°. 水通常在摄氏100 度沸腾。
at zero 在零度
at the rate of 45 miles an hour
at full speed 全速
at a good price 高价
at a low cost 低成本
at a great cost 花了很大代价
at that time 在当时
Evaporation takes place at all tempertures. 蒸发在任何温度下都能发生。
at 1000RPM (revolution per minute) 每分钟1000 转
at a high speed 高速
The soldiers launched an attack upon the enemy at sunset. 战士们在日落时对敌人发起了攻击。
at daybreak 日出时
The force at the core leading our cause forward is the Chinese Communist Party. 领导我们事业的核心力量是中国共产党。
The atom has a nucleus at its core. 在原子的中心有一个原子核。
At the beginning of this term the teacher in charge of our class was very strict with us. 这学期开始，我们的班主任老师对我们要求非常严格。
常用的at 短语有:
at first 首先，开始时
at least 至少
at all events 无论如何
at home 在家，无拘束
at one stroke 一下子
at a loss 不知怎办
at any rate 不管怎样
at length 详细地
be at high tide 处于高潮期
at our invitation 应我们的邀请
at our request 应我们的请求
at the news 听到这消息
at the risk of 冒......危险
at a great expense 以巨大费用
at a stroke 一举
at intervals of 每隔
at liberty 有权，随意
at the sight of 一见到
at the point of 接近，靠近
at the thought of 一想到
at the speed of 以......速度
at the cost (price) of 以......为代价
at leisure 闲着、失业
at the disposal of 任凭……使用
at stake 在危险中、在成败关头
at bottom 实际上、本质上
at short notice 一得到通知
at seeing us 看到我们
at the happy tidings 听到喜讯
at sixteen 在16 岁时
at the present stage 在现阶段
at the weekend 周末
at all times 永远
at 405 Victory Road 在胜利路405 号
工具、同、和、随with，具有，独立、就、原因
例：We write with ballpens. 我们用油笔写字。(工具)
但He write in blue ink. 他用蓝水笔写字(墨水用in 不用with)
Theory must go hand in hand with practice. 理论必须同实践相结合。(同)
He is talking with friends. 他正同朋友们谈话。〔同)
I‘d like to have a dinner with a friend. 我喜欢同朋友共同进餐。
We must co-operate closely with them. 我们必须同他们紧密合作。(同)
We, as human beings are going to leave, but friendship has taken roots among us and our hearts are linked with
yours. 我们虽然就要走了，但是友谊却在我们之间扎了根，我们的心和你们的心是紧紧相连的。(和或同〕
A cadre must become one with the masses.干部必须和群众打成一片。
I‘m with you. 我同意你。
An atom is so small that we can‘t see it with a microscope. 原子太小，即使用显微镜也看不见它。(工具)
In the past I had to part with my wife. 旧社会我不得不和妻子离别。(和)
The socialist revolution is deepening with each passing day. 社会主义革命日益深入。(随着)
They sail with the wind. 他们顺风航行。(随着)
With the change of the economic foundation, the superstructure has to be transformed too. 随着经济基础的改
变，上层建筑也必须改变。(随着)
With the battlle of Waterloo, Napoleon‘s rule in Europe was ended. 滑铁卢一战，拿破仑对欧洲的统治就完蛋了。
The modern electron tube. 随着电子管的发明而诞生了现代电子工业．
She is with child. = She is in a very interesting condition. = in a family way, = She is pregnant (in
pregnancy). 她怀孕了。(有)
但She is with a child．意为:“她领着一个孩子。”
China is a very large country with a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的大国。(具有)
China is a country with a population of ten billion people. 中国是一个有10 亿人口的国家。（具有）
What is the matter with you? 怎么回事?(就，关于)
How is it with you? 你怎么啦？(就，关于)
Everything was going well with them. 他们一切都进行得很顺利。(就……)
It is a very intense flash with a lot of power packed into it. 由于聚集了大量的能，所以闪光非常强烈。（独立结构）
注；即分词独立主格结构用with。
With a new welding technique introduced, the use of stainless steel was no longer limited to making small things
only. 由于新的焊接技术的引进，不锈钢的使用就不仅仅局限在微小的物件上了。(独立结构)
With all its beams advancing in step with each other the laser possessed very particular properties which no
ordinary light ever has. 由于激光的光束同步，所以它具有普通光所没有的特殊性质。(独立结构)
Without the temperature or pressure changed matter can never change from one state into another. 没有温度
或压力的变化，物质永远不能以一种状态变到另一种状态。(独立结构)
The evil landlord was trembling with fear. 那个万恶的地主吓得浑身发抖。(原因)
My wife‘s hands were rough with work. 我爱人因为老干活，手很租糙。(原因)．
With the help of my classmate‘s taperecorder I listen to the Voice of America and B.B.C every day. 借助于我同
学的录音机，我每天收听美国之音和B.B.C。(原因)
With televition, we can see all kinds of programmes on the screen sitting at home without going to the movies
and theatres. 因为有了电视，我们坐在家里就能看到各种节目, 而不必去影院、戏院了。(原因)
就......来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分
这里的with 后边的宾语常译成主语。
例：How are the things with you? 你情况怎样？
What‘s wrong with your eyes? 你的眼睛怎么啦?
Something is wrong with my hands. 我手出点毛病。
Everything was going well with them. 他们一切都进行得很顺利。
Parents must be strict with their children. 父母对子女要严格。(对)
The doctor was very patient with his patients. 那位医生对患者非常耐心。(对)
I‘m quite satisfied with your answer. 我对你的回答很满意。(对)
Many intellectuals with revolutionary tendencies went to the liberated areas. 许多带有革命倾向的知识分子都投
奔解放区了。(有)
These apartment houses are for workers with families. 这些住宅楼是给有家属的工人盖的。
He was sitting in a chair with his hands folded. 他两手交叉在胸前坐在椅子上。(状语)独立结构
They are highly mechanized farms, with machinery to do all the work. 它们是高度机械化的农场，所有工作都由机
器进行。(状语)独立结构
上两句是with 引出的复合结构。
I will be with you again in half an hour. 过半个钟头我还会跟你们在一起的。
(with 的介词短语作表语。另注意in 将来时态in 以后)
Our sympathies were with the students persecuted by the gang of four during the cultural revolution. 我们是非
常同情“文革”中被“四人帮”迫害的青年学生的。(with 的介词短语作表语)。
海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数人类known to man
例: by land (air, sea, water, bus)
陆路(航空，水陆，水路，乘公共汽车)
by micro bus 坐小面包车(微型汽车)
by mini bus 坐小面包车
by train 坐火车
by trolley bus 坐无轨电车
by tram 坐有轨电车
by bike 骑自行车
by motor car 骑摩托车
by tube 坐地铁
by airbus 坐大型客机(空中汽车〕
by jeep 坐吉普车
by chance 偶然
by accident 偶然，无意中
以及by virture of 靠、由于
by leaps and bounds 大幅度地
by way of 经由
by the book 按常规
The list of discoveries by "accident" could fill a long book. 偶然的发现可以写一本很厚的书。(偶然)
The law of relativity was formulated by Einstein. 相对论是爱因斯坦创立的。(被动)
The book was written by Mr. Zhang. 这本书是张先生写的。(被动)
That in 1969 the first artificial satellite was launched to the space is known to man. 1969 年第一颗人造卫星上
了天是众所周知的。
这里用to man 而不用by。即当单数又无冠词的man和known搭配时，表示人类不用by。
接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯
例；一天one day (不说on one day)
one summer 在一个夏天
one year 一年
Iast nieht 昨天夜里
last Friday 上个星期五
last month 上月
last year 去年
yesterday afternoon 昨天下午
tomorrow afternoon 明天下午
tomorrow evening 明天晚上
next month 下个月
next week 下周
next year 明年
next Saturday 下星期六
this morning 今天早晨
this year 今年
this Tuesday 本星期二
this Autumn 今年秋天
that morning 那天早上
that evening 那天晚上
无论前面介词in、on 还是at，通通可省略，不能说at last night, on last Friday, in last month, in this year这些都是不对的，须去掉介词。
over, under正上下，above, below 则不然
若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关
例：There is a picture over the window.
窗户上面有一幅画。(正上方)
The plane flew above the city. 飞机飞过城市上空。（高于城市并非正上方)
A lamp was hanging over the table. 一盏灯是在方桌上方。(正上方)
The moon was now above the trees in the east. 这时月亮已经在东边树林的上方。(非正上方)
Don‘t stand above the masses. 勿高踞于群众之上。(比喻一非正上方)
The mountain is 700 feet above sea level. 这座山海拔700 米。(非正上方)
There is a small building below the hill. 山下有座小楼房。(非正下方)
There is a submarine under the water. 水下有艘潜水艇。(正下方)
Water was found ten feer below the surface. 在地面下10 英尺处找到了水。(非正下方)
The peasants are cooling themselves under the trees. 农民们正在树下乘凉。(正下方)
over under正上下，低高below 与above
The temperature in the room is below (or under) 30℃. 室温是摄氏30 度以下。(数量词两者皆可)
Do you have anything in the way of computers below (under) $10000? 你们有哪些价格低于10000 美元的计算机?（数量词两者皆可〕
beyond 超出、无、不能
例：It‘s quite beyond me (It is more than I can understand). 这我完全不懂。
Don‘t stay out beyond 10 o‘clock. 不要在外呆到10 点以后还不回家。
But the gratitude from the bottom of my heart to the students and my old colleagues, has gone beyond my
control. 发自肺腑的对学生们和我的老同事们的感激之心使我毫不紧张，毫不拘束；
Your work is beyond all praise, so good that it can‘t be praised enough. 你的成绩是赞扬不尽的。
That is going beyond a joke, passes the limits of what is reasonable as a joke. 那样开玩笑太过火了。
They were touched beyond words. 他们被感动得无法形容。(无)
To do this was quite beyond all doubts. 办这事我无能为力。(超出)
This is inevitable and beyond all doubts. 这是必然的，毫无疑义的。(无)
另外, Beyond two cottages stood his house.
句子中的beyond 是“那边”的意思。
against 靠着，对与反
例: In front of the wardrobe there are two upholstered armchairs arranged against the south wall near the
door. 立柜前面是两把沙发椅，靠着南城门附近。（靠着）
She leaned wearily against the railings. 她疲惫地靠着栏杆站着。(靠着)
A new president was elected by a majority of 274 votes against 110. 新总统以274 票对110 票的多数当选。
(对……)
besides, except 分内外，among 之内along 沿
例：The design has many other advantages besides lower cost. 除费用低外，该设计还有许多其他优点。(优点包括在内)
He had no time to prepare his lecture, besides which he was unwell. 他没有时间准备讲稿，而且他的身体也不大舒适。
Every one of us, except her, went to see the exhibition. 除她外，我们都去参观了展览会。
He gets up early every day except Sunday. 除星期日外他每天早起。
Nobody was late except me. 除我以外，没人迟到。
同类比较except，加for 异类记心间。
He‘s composition is good, except for some spelling mistakes. 他的这篇作文写得很好，只是有几处拼写错误。(非同类比较用except for)
She was all alone in the world except for an old aun上一页 [1] [2] [3] 下一页 实践证明经常访问无忧英语教育网 www.51education.net ,能迅速提高你的英语学习能力!积沙成塔,不断提高! 本站所提供的所有信息仅供学校课堂教学及英语学习者学习研究之用，其著作权归原作者及媒体所有。
|
