F: Hello, Bob. How was your summer? You studied Chinese this summer, didn't you? M: Yes, Jenny. I finished my summer school class. F: Well, how was the course? Chinese is pretty difficult, isn't it? M: It seemed that way at first. But after a while it became easier. F: I'll bet you were the best in the class, weren't you? M: Well, I did get an A. But how about you? You were going to travel, weren't you? F: Not this summer. I worked to save money. I'm going to Europe next summer. M: I'm going to China. I guess we'll have lots to talk about next year, won't we?
现在我们听老师用慢速度把对话再念一遍, 请你注意听.
F: Hello, Bob. How was your summer? You studied Chinese this summer, didn't you? M: Yes, Jenny. I finished my summer school class. F: Well, how was the course? Chinese is pretty difficult, isn't it? M: It seemed that way at first. But after a while it became easier. F: I'll bet you were the best in the class, weren't you? M: Well, I did get an A. But how about you? You were going to travel, weren't you? F: Not this summer. I worked to save money. I'm going to Europe next summer. M: I'm going to China. I guess we'll have lots to talk about next year, won't we?
下面我们再听老师把对话里有简短反问句的句子念一遍.
F: You studied Chinese this summer, didn't you? F: Chinese is pretty difficult, isn't it? F: You were the best in the class, weren't you? M: You were going to travel, weren't you? M: We'll have lots to talk about next year,won't we?
二.简短反问句
听了上面的句子, 你对简短反问句的用法或许已经有些概念. 简单地说这种反问句有三个规则, 第一点就是当前面的陈述句是肯定的时候, 反问句就是否定的; 而前面的陈述句是否定的时候, 反问句就是肯定的; 第二点就是这种简短反问句是用两个字构成的, 第一个字一定是在前面陈述句里出现的动词或是助动词; 第二个字一定是代名词而且指的就是陈述句里的主语; 第三点就是反问句和前面陈述句的时态必须一致. 好了, 现在我们按照规则作练习, 第一组练习是用 is 或是 are 作否定的简短反问句, 请你注意在否定反问句里动词或是助动词一定要跟 not 连起来说, 比方is not 说成 isn't, were not 说成 weren't 等等. 现在请你注意听男老师念一些跟刚才那段对话有关系的句子, 然后跟着女老师把句子重复一遍.
M: Bob is a university student, isn't he? F: Bob is a university student, isn't he? M: Jenny is in the same university, isn't she? F: Jenny is in the same university, isn't she? M: They are talking on the campus, aren't they? F: They are talking on the campus, aren't they? M: The campus is big, isn't it? F: The campus is big, isn't it? M: They are talking about traveling, aren't they? F: They are talking about traveling, aren't they?
下面我们用代换方式练习用 will not 也就是 won't 作简短反问句, 练习的内容是说到鲍勃要到中国去旅行的事情, 比方他要坐飞机去, 要带旅游指南去等等. 老师念一个句子, 接着老师念一个词组, 学生就把词组代换到原来的句子里. 在学生作练习的时候请你也一起作.
M: Bob will fly to China, won't he? M: take a guide book with him F: Bob will take a guide book with him, won't he? M: take a Chinese dictionary with him F: Bob will take a Chinese dictionary with him,won't he?
下面老师换了一个句子, 练习用 should not 也就是 shouldn't 作反问句, 说明鲍勃去中国应该有护照和旅游签证等等. 请你跟刚才一样作练习.
M: Bob should have a passport, shouldn't he? M: have a tourist visa F: Bob should have a tourist visa, shouldn't he? M: take enough money with him F: Bob should take enough money with him, shouldn't he?
M: Jenny has decided to go to Europe. F: Jenny has decided to go to Europe, hasn't she? M: Jenny has saved some money for the trip. F: Jenny has saved some money for the trip, hasn't she? M: Jenny and Bob have taken many interesting courses. F: Jenny and Bob have taken many interesting courses, haven't they? M: Jenny and Bob have learned a lot. F: Jenny and Bob have learned a lot, haven't they?
M: Bob and Jenny need education, don't they? M: knowledge F: Bob and Jenny need knowledge, don't they? M: advice F: Bob and Jenny need advice, don't they? M: skills F: Bob and Jenny need skills, don't they?
下面老师换了一个句子作代换练习, 内容是说鲍勃在开学之前需要作些什么.现在请你跟学生一起作练习.
M: Bob needs to get a school catalogue, doesn't he? M: register F: Bob needs to register, doesn't he? M: pay tuition F: Bob needs to pay tuition, doesn't he?
现在我们再来学习作简短的反问句. 用 There is 或是 There are 开头的句子在句尾加上否定反问句的时候必须用 isn't there 或是 aren't there. 现在我们来作一组练习, 谈谈美国教育. 练习的作法是先由老师念一个句子,学生重复一遍,并且在句尾加适当的反问句. 请你还是跟学生一起作练习.
M: There are a lot of universities and community colleges in the United States. F: There are a lot of universities and community colleges in the United States, aren't there? M: There are adult education programs as well. F: There are adult education programs as well, aren't there? M: There are a lot of foreign students in American universities. F: There are a lot of foreign students in American universities, aren't there?
M: Bob hasn't been to China yet. F: Bob hasn't been to China yet, has he? M: He won't go by boat. F: He won't go by boat, will he? M: He cannot get there by train. F: He cannot get there by train, can he? M: It isn't dangerous to fly. F: It isn't dangerous to fly, is it? M: He shouldn't worry about flying. F: He shouldn't worry about flying, should he? M: Bob doesn't plan to stop over in Hong Kong. F: Bob doesn't plan to stop over in Hong Kong, does he?
M: U.S. dollars aren't used in China. F: U.S. dollars aren't used in China, are they? M: English isn't commonly spoken. F: English isn't commonly spoken, is it? M: Dollars cannot be exchanged with private citizens. F: Dollars cannot be exchanged with private citizens, can they? M: Some Chinese historical sites haven't been opened to the public. F: Some Chinese historical sites haven't been opened to the public, have they? M: Pictures shouldn't be taken in some museums. F: Pictures shouldn't be taken in some museums, should they?
M: Bob took Chinese in summer school. F: Bob took Chinese in summer school, didn't he? M: He finished the course. F: He finished the course, didn't he? M: He was the best in his class. F: He was the best in his class, wasn't he? M: He didn't have much free time. F: He didn't have much free time, did he? M: Jenny worked in the summer. F: Jenny worked in the summer, didn't she? M: She had a good time in summer. F: She had a good time in summer, hadn't she? M: She saved some money. F: She saved some money, didn't she? M: She wouldn't waste her money. F: She wouldn't waste her money, would she? M: She couldn't go traveling. F: She couldn't go traveling, could she?
Tag questions are commonly used in conversations by American English speakers. Tag questions are short questions which are added to the end of statements. A person uses a tag question because he isn't sure of what he has said. He adds a tag question to his statement to make the listener talk. The listener may agree with the speaker or he may correct the speaker. Tag questions have two words. The first word is always a helping verb such as "is" or "does". The helping verb of a tag question must be the same tense as the tense of the main statement. All helping verbs can be used in a tag question. They may be positive or they may be negative contractions with "n't". The second word of a tag question is always a pronoun. The pronoun stands for the subject of the main statement. A name is never repeated in a tag question. Most languages have expressions like tag questions. But English tag questions are more difficult than those of other languages. Each tag question must agree in tense and subject with its preceding statement. However, when the statement is positive, the tag question must be negative; and when the statement is negative, the tag question must be positive. Tag questions in English are very difficult indeed.
刚才那篇文章你要是没有全听懂, 等一会儿还有机会听, 现在我们先来听今天测验的三个问题.
第一个问题是: M: What are tag questions? 第二个问题是: M: Why do people use tag questions? 第三个问题是: M: What are the two words of a tag question?
现在我们再听英文老师用慢速度把文章念一遍.
Tag questions are commonly used in conversations by American English speakers. Tag questions are short questions which are added to the end of statements. A person uses a tag question because he isn't sure of what he has said. He adds a tag question to his statement to make the listener talk. The listener may agree with the speaker or he may correct the speaker. Tag questions have two words. The first word is always a helping verb such as "is" or "does". The helping verb of a tag question must be the same tense as the tense of the main statement. All helping verbs can be used in a tag question. They may be positive or they may be negative contractions with "n't". The second word of a tag question is always a pronoun. The pronoun stands for the subject of the main statement. A name is never repeated in a tag question. Most languages have expressions like tag questions. But English tag questions are more difficult than those of other languages. Each tag question must agree in tense and subject with its preceding statement. However, when the statement is positive, the tag question must be negative; and when the statement is negative, the tag question must be positive. Tag questions in English are very difficult indeed.
现在请你回答下面三个问题, 每回答一句就请你听老师念正确答案.
第一个问题是: M: What are tag questions? F: Tag questions are short questions which are added to the end of statements.
第二个问题是: M: Why do people use tag questions? F: People use tag questions because they are not sure of what they have said.
第三个问题是: M: What are the two words of a tag question? F: The two words are a helping verb and a pronoun.