北京观光名胜 Beijing Scenic Spots|无忧教育

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Beijing is the capital city and political, commercial and cultural center of China. Beijing covers an area of 16,808 square kilometers. Hilly regions occupy 62 percent of its total area.

Beijing has a history of over 3,000 years and has been the capital of five dynasties. It is one of China's six ancient capitals (the others are Xi'an, Nanjing, Luoyang, Kaifeng and Hangzhou).

Today Beijing is under direct administration of the Chinese Central Government. It is divided into 18 districts and counties. In 1998, the population was 10.77 million.

The Chinese scholar tree and the oriental arborvitae, the Chinese rose and chrysanthemum became the city's representative trees and flowers on March 12, 1987.

The four seasons are distinctive in Beijing. The capital has dry and windy springs, hot and humid summers, mild and clear autumns and cold and long winters.

Temple of Heaven (Tiantan)

北京天坛

The unique architectural features of the Temple of Heaven delight numerologists, necromancers and the superstitious-not to mention acoustic engineers and carpenters. Shape, color and sound take on symbolic significance. The temples, seen in aerial perspective, are round, and the bases are square, deriving from the ancient Chinese belief that Heaven is round, and the earth is square. Thus the north end of the park is semicircular and the south end is aquare.

The Summer Palace (Yiheyuan- Garden of Harmonious Unity)

颐和园

yhy The largest and best-preserved imperial Chinese gardens situated in the northwest of Beijing. The grounds are demarcated by Longevity Hill to the north and Kunming Lake to the south. The lake occupies three-quarters of the entire park. Longevity Hill is the focal point of the Summer Palace. The panoramic view from the Hill is well worth the climb. You can see the 17-Arch Bridge, the Jade Belt Bridge, and a lovely stone pagoda on a distant hill. The glazed golden tiles of the palace roofs have inspired many traditional Chinese landscape paintings.

The Site of the Ruins of Yuanmingyuan (Old Summer Palace)

圆明园

ymy Yuanmingyuan is the general name of the three gardens that surround the Lake of Happiness, namely, Yuanming Garden, Wanchun Garden and Changchun Garden. The construction of the garden began in 1707 and took 150 years to complete. During the Second Opium War in 1860, British and French troops destroyed the Old Summer Palace and looted much of its treasures.

雍和宫 Lama Temple (Yonghegong)

yhg This Lama Temple was built as a mansion for Emperor Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty when he was a prince. In 1744, the temple was converted into a lamasery and the home of larger numbers of monks from Mongolia and Tibet. The lamasery has five halls. The prayer halls contain many superb statues including the 23-meter-high Maitreya, caved from a white sandalwood tree brought from Tibet, as well as Tibetan sculptures and a great copper cauldron.

十三陵 Lama Temple (Yonghegong)

ssl Situated northwest of Beijing, the Ming Tombs are the burial site of thirteen of the sixteen Ming emperors.
The construction of the Dingling Tomb started in 1584 and was completed six years later. The underground palace consists of five halls with giant marble archways and occupies a total area of 1,195 square meters. More than 3,000 artifacts have been unearthed from the underground palace are now on display in the Dingling Museum Exhibition Hall.

周口店北京人遗址 Zhoukoudian - Home of Peking Man

zkd The famous home of Peking Man is located in Longgushan, Zhoukoudian, 50 km southwest of Beijing. At the beginning of the 19th century, a cave was found while diggers were mining. Scientists and geologists began excavations in 1921 and 1922. In 1972, large-scale excavations began and large amounts of animal bones were unearthed. On December 10th, 1972, the first complete cranium was excavated. There are three sections to the exhibition hall--prehuman history, the life and times of Peking man and a section dealing with recent anthropological findings.

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