拳击运动起源于埃及，公元前688年被列为第23届古代奥运会比赛项目。（无忧教育整理www.51education.net）现代拳击始于英国，职业拳击与业余拳击在赛制、比赛规则及比赛目的等方面有很大的不同。（无忧教育整理www.51education.net）拳击在1904年进入奥运会，采用业余拳击比赛规则。（无忧教育整理www.51education.net）至2004年雅典奥运会，拳击比赛共参加了21届奥运会。（无忧教育整理www.51education.net）

中国选手邹市明在2004年雅典奥运会上为中国夺得首枚奖牌(铜牌)。（无忧教育整理www.51education.net）

 

人员 规则 拳法 步法 攻防 场地与装备

1.格斗项目：combat(ive) [fighting] sports

2.拳击运动：boxing; pugilism; sweet science

3.散手：sanshou; free sparring

4.空手道：karate

5.合气道：aikido

6.泰拳：Thai boxing; Muay Thai

7.猛攻猛打的拳击比赛：slugfest

8.赤拳格斗：bare-knuckle fighting

9.拳斗：fist fight; fisticuffs

10.业余拳击比赛：amateur boxing

11.职业拳击比赛：pro(fessional)boxing; prizefighting

12.拳王争霸赛：title bout

13.世界拳击协会：World Boxing Association (WBA)

14.世纪拳击理事会：World Boxing Council (WBC)

15.国际拳击联合会：International Boxing Federation (IBF)

人员

16.拳击手[运动员]：boxer; fighter; pugilist

17.业余拳击手：amateur boxer

18.职业拳击手：professional boxer; (prize) fighter; scrapper

19.拳王：boxing champion

20.进攻型拳击手：offensive boxer

21.防卫型拳击手：defensive boxer

22.舞蹈型拳击手(移步躲闪多而主动进攻少)：dancer

23.猛冲猛打的拳击手：slugger; puncher

24.菜花耳（耳朵受伤后变形）：cauliflower ear

25.左撇子（基本姿势中左手在后）：southpaw

26.水平不高的拳击手：potato can; ham-and-egger

27.不堪一击的拳击手：glass jaw

28.拳击教练：boxing coach; handler

29.台边指导：ringside instruction

30.拳击陪练：sparring partner; training opponent

31.辅导员；助手：second

32.第一辅导员：chief second

33.第二辅导员：assistant second

34.台上裁判员：referee

35.台下[评分]裁判员：judge; ringside official

36.推广人：promoter

规则

37.场（包括若干回合）：match; bout; fight

38.回合：round

39.体重分级：weight division [category; classification]

40.最大体重：weight limit

41.手套检查：glove inspection

42.裁判员口令：referee’s command

43.分开：break; separate; disengage; disentangle

44.三次击倒规则：three-knockdown rule

45.数秒：count

46.强制性数8：standing-eight count

47.数完10秒：full count

48.被击倒后数10不起：counted out; down and out; take the count

49.绝对胜利（对手数10不起）：knock-out (KO)

50.侥幸脱险（数秒不到10鸣锣停止比赛）：narrow escape

51.击败对手：outbox; outclass

52.击倒获胜：win by a knockout

53.技术击倒[获胜]：technical knockout (TKO)

54.分数超过对方：outpoint

55.得分获胜：win by decision [on points]

56.10分获胜利：ten-point must system

57.20分获胜利：twenty-point must system

58.裁判员宣布停止比赛：referee stops contest

59.裁判员叫停获胜：win by “referee stops contest”

60.因对方弃权而获胜：win by retirement

61.因对方未出场而获胜：win by walkover (absence)

62.胜局：winning round

63.金腰带：gold (champion) belt

64.犯规拳：foul blow

65.腰下拳：low blow; hit below the belt

66.肾部拳：kidney blow

67.击后背：hit on the back

68.击后脑勺：rabbit punch; hit on the back of neck

69.拳背击人：backhander; backhand swing

70.开掌打击：open blow; hit with open gloves

71.用手掌部位击打：hit with the inside of glove

72.以肘击人：elbow blow

73.头撞：headbutting

74.肩撞：hit with the shoulder

75.膝顶：kneeing

76.踢：kick

77.推：push

78.卡脖子：throttle; stranglehold

79.咬人：biting

80.贴靠对方：lean on one’s opponent

81.抱着打：hold and hit

82.拉住对方打：pull and hit

83.击打倒地对手：hit opponent when he is down

拳法

84.拳击技术：boxing skill; ringcraft

85.基本站立姿势：fundamental stance

86.前边的手臂：guarding [leading]arm

87.后边的手臂：striking hand

88.摆好姿势：square away

89.防守姿势：on guard

90.膝部略弯身体前倾的姿势：crouch

91.拳：fist; clenched hand

92.臂长：reach

93.拳头打击面：knocking surface of the fist

94.出拳：deliver [land]a punch

95.出拳过短：short

96.出拳过远：overreach

97.击打：punch; blow; strike

98.打击力量：punching [hitting] power

99.重拳：hard [heavy] blow; smash; swipe; thump; sock

100.决定性打击：decision blow

101.最厉害的一击：Sunday punch

102.击中要害的两拳：navy double punch

103.企图击倒对方的重拳：haymaker

104.互击：crisscross; double counter; trade [exchange] blows

105.难分难解：deadlock

106.基本拳法：basic [fundamental] blows

107.左手拳：left

108.右手拳：right

109.直拳：straight (blow)

110.左直拳：straight left

111.右直拳：straight right

112.短直拳：short straight

113.刺拳：jab

114.钩拳：hook

115.上钩拳：uppercut; hook up; bolo punch

116.长钩拳：long hook

117.短钩拳：short hook

118.短上钩拳：short uppercut

119.侧钩拳：side hook

120.平钩拳：flat hook

121.摆（横）拳：swing; roundhouse; round-arm blow

122.侧击：sidewinder; glancing blow

123.钻[螺旋]拳：corkscrew blow

124.捶打：hammer blow

125.向下击拳：chop; downward punch

126.上下交替拳：high-low

127.一、二连击：one-two (punch)

128.跟进拳：follow blow

129.转身击打：pivot blow

130.组合[连续]拳：combination [serial] blows

131.开始拳：lead; leading-off blow

132.试探：feeler

133.虚拳：fake flow

134.击头部的拳：nobber

135.击脸部的拳：facer

136.下巴拳：chin punch

137.拇指击眼部：gouge; thumb

138.眼部青肿：black eye; mouse; shiner

139.击胸部的拳：heart blow

140.击胃部的拳：solar plexus blow

141.击空：mispunch; miss blow

142.击中：hit; connect

143.摇晃（被击中后）：stagger

144.晕头转向：punch-drunk

145.昏迷：unconscious

146.拳击手痴呆症（因头部被重击引起）：punch drunkenness; pugilistica dementia

147.击倒：knock down; floor; flatten; deck; drop; pound to canvas

148.倒下：fall down

149.倒在围绳上：on the ropes

150.假装被击倒：dive

151.认输：throw [toss] in the sponge [towel]

152.打出台外：ring out

153.击掌练习：hitting drill

154.拳击练习：spar

155.影子拳；打空拳：shadow boxing

步法

156.步法：footwork

157.上步：step up

158.出拳步：knock step

159.侧步：sidestep

160.往后移步：step back; bicycle; back pedal

161.环绕步：circle

162.擦地移步：shuffle

163.变换步法移动身体重心：drop shift

164.灵活的步法：nimble footwork

攻防

165.闪电式进攻：blitz

166.先失后得（挨一拳再出击）：give and take

167.边打边退的战术：hit and sway

168.疲劳战术（让对方连续出拳消耗体力）：rope-a-dope strategy

169.引诱性移动：decoy movement

170.前后左右快速移动（以迷惑对方）：jitterbug; stunt

171.防守[御]：guard; defense

172.消极防守：passive defense

173.回到防守姿势：recover

174.退却：retreat

175.撤步防守：step-away

176.还击：counter; cross

177.还击拳：counter blow

178.格档：parry; ward off; shove aside

179.内侧格档：inside parry

180.内侧伸臂格档：leverage guard

181.外侧格档：outsider parry

182.同名臂格档：cross parry

183.手掌格档：catch

184.张掌格开来拳：brush-away

185.张掌压来拳：pin; stop

186.阻挡：block

187.前臂阻挡：forearm block

188.安全[两臂]阻挡：safety block

189.肩部阻挡：shoulder block

190.肘部阻挡：elbow block

191.掩护（一臂遮胃，另臂挡头）：cover

192.拨开：deflect

193.身法：body work

194.身体虚晃：body feint

195.上下左右摆动：bob and weave

196.摆动身体：sway

197.摆体躲闪；摇避：weave; rock away; swerve

198.后仰躲闪：sway back

199.头部躲闪：slip

200.下潜[蹲]躲闪：duck

201.向前下潜：fold

202.转体弯腰躲闪：drop-away

203.近战：close(-quarter) fight; infighting

204.紧逼：press

205.逼角：corner to the ropes; force to the corner

206.擒拿：hold

207.擒抱：hug

208.扭抱：clinch

209.夹住对方双手：double lock

场地与装备

210.拳击台：(boxing) ring; squared circle

211.拳击台围绳：ropes of the ring

212.拳击台围绳以外部分：apron

213.红角：red corner

214.蓝角：blue corner

215.中立角：neutral corner

216.帆布台面：canvas-covered floor

217.台下坐凳：ring-stool

218.锣：gong

219.拳击手套：boxing gloves

220.练习手套：training glove

221.护头：head protector [guard]; protective headgear

222.拳击鞋：boxing shoe

223.腰带：belt

224.拳击手披风：boxing robe

225.拳击沙包：sandbag; training[punching; heavy] bag

226.吊球：speed bag; speedball; punching ball

227.梨形吊球：pear bag

228.墙靶：wall punch pad